Vet Med - Czech, 2014, 59(11):527-535 | DOI: 10.17221/7817-VETMED

Effect of medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) and probiotic (Enterococcus faecium) supplementation on the growth performance, digestibility and blood profiles in weanling pigsOriginal Paper

S. Mohana Devi, I.H. Kim
Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of MCFA and probiotic (Enterococcus faecium DSM 7134) supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles, faecal score, excreta microbiota, and excreta noxious gas emission in weanling pigs. A total of 140 weanling pigs [(Yorkshire × Landrace) × Duroc] were allotted to four treatments groups of seven replicates/treatment and five pigs/replicate. The four experimental diets included: CON diet (basal diet); T1 (CON + MCFA 0.2%); T2 (CON + probiotic 0.01%) and T3 (CON + MCFA 0.2% + probiotic 0.01%). Growth performance, average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), gain-to-feed ratio (G : F), Nutrient digestibility: dry matter (DM), nitrogen (N), energy were determined along with blood profiles: glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol, triglyceride, Excreta bacteria: Lactobacillus, E. coli, Excreta gas emission: NH3, H2S, total mercaptans, acetic acid and faecal scores. Overall, average daily gain (ADG) and G : F in T2 and T3 treatment groups was higher than in T1 and controls. In blood profiles, glucose levels were found to be increased in week two and six in the treatment groups compared to controls. In addition, the nutrient digestibility of DM, N and energy were found to be increased significantly in T2 and T3 when compared to T1 and controls. There was no significant difference observed between the groups for faecal score, microflora and noxious gas emission. In conclusion, dietary MCFA and probiotic supplementation in weanling pigs are efficacious alternatives to antibiotics, and can improve health status and performance.

Keywords: MCFA; pigs; performance; digestibility; probiotics

Published: November 30, 2014  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Mohana Devi S, Kim IH. Effect of medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) and probiotic (Enterococcus faecium) supplementation on the growth performance, digestibility and blood profiles in weanling pigs. Vet Med - Czech. 2014;59(11):527-535. doi: 10.17221/7817-VETMED.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. AOAC, Association of Official Analytical Chemists (2003): Official Methods of Analysis, 23rd ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC, USA.
    2. Barton MD (2000): Antibiotic use in animal feed and its impact on human health. Nutrition Research Reviews 13, 279-299. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    3. Beaulieu AD, Williams NH, Patience JF (2009): Response to dietary digestible energy concentration in growing pigs fed cereal grain-based diets. Journal of Animal Science 87, 965-976. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    4. Bomba A, Jonecova Z, Koscova J, Nemcova R, Gancarikova S, Mudronova D, Scirankova L, Buleca V, Lazar G, Posivak J, Kastel R, Marekova M (2006): The improvement of probiotics efficacy by synergistically acting components of natural origin: a review. Biologia 61, 729-734. Go to original source...
    5. Castillo M, Martin-Orue SM, Taylor-Pickard JA, Perez JF, Gasa J (2008): Use of mannan-oligosaccharides and zinc chelate as growth promoters and diarrhea preventative in weaning pigs: Effects on microbiota and gut function. Journal of Animal Science 86, 94-101. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    6. Cernauskiene J, Bartkevieitute Z, Hammerer J, Kozlowski K, Jeroch H (2011): The effect of "Bonvital", a probiotic product containing Enterococcus faecium on the fattening performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of pigs under production conditions. Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics 54, 20-25.
    7. Chen YJ, Kwon OS, Min BJ, Son KS, Cho JH, Hong JW, Kim IH (2005): The effects of dietary Biotite V supplementation as an alternative substance to antibiotics in growing pigs. Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 18, 1642-1645. Go to original source...
    8. Chen YJ, Min BJ, Cho JH, Kwon OS, Son KS, Kim IH, Kim SJ (2006): Effects of dietary Enterococcus faecium SF68 on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics and faecal noxious gas content in finishing pigs. Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 19, 406-411. Go to original source...
    9. FAO (2002): Drafting guidelines for the evaluation of probiotics in food. Report of a joint FAO-Who Working Group, London.
    10. Ferket PR, van Heugten E, van Kempen TATG, Angel R (2002): Nutritional strategies to reduce environmental emissions from nonruminants. Journal of Animal Science 80, E. Suppl. 2, E168-E182. Go to original source...
    11. Fuller R (1989): Probiotics in man and animals. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 66, 365-378. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    12. Fuller R (ed.) (1992): Probiotics. The Scientific Basis. Chapman and Hall, London. Go to original source...
    13. Giang HH, Viet TQ, Ogle B, Lindberg JE (2010): Effects of different probiotic complexes of lactic acid bacteria on growth performance and gut environment of weaned piglets. Livestock Science 133, 182-184. Go to original source...
    14. Hong SM, Hwang JH, Kim IH (2012): Effect of mediumchain triglyceride (mct) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics in weanling pigs. Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 25, 1003-1008. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    15. Khan SH, Atif M, Mukhtar N, Rehman A, Farid G (2011): Effects of supplementation of multi-enzyme and multispecies probiotic on production performance, egg quality, cholesterol level and immune system in laying hens. Journal of Applied Animal Research 39, 386-398. Go to original source...
    16. Kumada M, Motegi M, Nakao R, Yonezawa H, Yamamura H, Taqami J, Senpuku H (2009): Inhibiting effects of Enterococcus faecium non-biofilm strain on Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation. Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection 42, 188-196.
    17. Laine TM, Lyytikainen T, Yliaho M, Anttila M (2008): Risk factors for post-weaning diarrhoea on piglet producing farms in Finland. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 50, 21. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    18. Lee HF, Chiang SH (1994): Energy value of mediumchain triglycerides and their efficacy in improving survival of neonatal pigs. Journal of Animal Science 72, 133-138. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    19. Loh TC, Lee TM, Foo HL, Law FL, Rajion MA (2008): Growth performance and faecal microflora of rats offered with metabolites from lactic acid bacteria in drinking water. Journal of Applied Animal Research 34, 61-64. Go to original source...
    20. Lojanica M, Manojlovie M, Jeremic D, Petronijevie S (2010): The effect of probiotic Enterococcus faecium DSM 7134 in the weaned pigs nutrition. Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry 26, 57-64. Go to original source...
    21. Malloa JJ, Rioperezb J, Honrubiaa P (2010): The addition of of enterococcus faecium to diet improves piglets intestinal microbiota and performance. Livestock Science 133, 176-178. Go to original source...
    22. Meng QW, Yan L, Ao X, Zhou TX, Wang JP, Lee JH, Kim IH (2010): Influence of probiotic in different energy and nutrient density diets on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, meat quality, and blood characteristics in growing finishing pig. Journal of Animal Science 88, 3320-3326. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    23. Mohana Devi S, Devi US, Kim IH (2014a): Evaluation of dietary sources of protein on growth performance in pigs. Veterinarni Medicina 59, 247-253. Go to original source...
    24. Mohana Devi S, Balachandar V, Lee SI, Kim IH (2014b): An outline of meat consumption in the Indian population - A pilot review. Korean Journal for Food Science of Animal Resource 34, 507-515. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    25. Mountzouris KC, Tsitrsikos P, Palamidi I, Arvaniti A, Mohnl M, Schatzmayr G, Fegeros K (2010): Effect of probiotic inclusion levels in broiler nutrition on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, plasma immunoglobulins, and cecal microflora composition. Poultry Science 89, 58-67. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    26. NRC (1998): Nutrient Requirements of Swine. 10th ed. National Academy Press. Washington DC, USA.
    27. Odle J (1998): Medium-chain triglycerides: a unique energy source for neonatal pigs. Pig News and Information 20, 25N-32N.
    28. Partanen KH, Mroz Z (1999): Organic acids for performance enhancement in pig diets. Nutrition Research Reviews 12, 117-145. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    29. Patterson JA, Burkholder KM (2003): Application of prebiotics and probiotics in poultry production. Poultry Science 82, 627-631. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    30. Skrivanova E, Marounek M, Benda V, Brezinia P (2006): Susceptibility of Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp. and Clostridium perfringens to organic acids and monolaurin. Veterinarni Medicina 51, 81-88. Go to original source...
    31. Tsiloyiannis VK, Kyriakis SC, Vlemmas J, Sarris K (2001): The effect of organic acids on the control of porcine post-weaning diarrhea. Research in Veterinary Science 70, 287-293. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    32. Wallgren P, Melin L (2001): Weaning systems in the relation to disease. In: Varley MA, Wiseman J (eds.): The Weaner Pig. CABI Publishing, Nottingham, UK. 309-324. Go to original source...
    33. Yan L, Kim IH (2013): Effect of probiotics supplementation in diets with different nutrient densities on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics, faecal microbial population and faecal noxious gas content in growing pigs. Journal of Applied Animal Research 41, 23-28. Go to original source...
    34. Yan L, Meng QW, Wang JP, Kim IH (2010): Effects of dietary soybean hulls and Lactobacillus reuteri on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and noxious gas mission from feces and slurry in finishing pigs. Wayamba Journal of Animal Science 2, 53-56.
    35. Yan L, Meng QW, Kim IH (2011): The effect of an herb extract mixture on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics and fecal noxious gas content in growing pigs. Livestock Science 141, 143-147. Go to original source...

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


    Return to the content