Veterinární medicína, 2011 (vol. 56), issue 11

PCR for detection of tick-borne Anaplasma phagocytophilum pathogens: a review

A. Rymaszewska

Vet Med - Czech, 2011, 56(11):529-536 | DOI: 10.17221/4271-VETMED  

Tick-borne infections such as granulocytic anaplasmosis number among emerging infectious diseases. Anaplasma phagocytophilum is an obligate intracellular bacterial parasite infecting the granulocytes of vertebrates. This bacterium is the aetiologic agent of HGA (human granulocytic anaplasmosis). Molecular methods allow quick and accurate detection of pathogens in ticks, humans, or animals. Monitoring of the environment for A. phagocytophilum involves both classical and nested PCR, since these simple methods are most efficient. As markers, parts of the 16S rRNA, ankA, groESL, msp2, or msp4 genes are used...

Metals as a cause of oxidative stress in fish: a review

M. Sevcikova, H. Modra, A. Slaninova, Z. Svobodova

Vet Med - Czech, 2011, 56(11):537-546 | DOI: 10.17221/4272-VETMED  

This review summarizes the current knowledge on the contribution of metals to the development of oxidative stress in fish. Metals are important inducers of oxidative stress in aquatic organisms, promoting formation of reactive oxygen species through two mechanisms. Redox active metals generate reactive oxygen species through redox cycling, while metals without redox potential impair antioxidant defences, especially that of thiol-containing antioxidants and enzymes. Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species lead to oxidative damage including lipid peroxidation, protein and DNA oxidation, and enzyme inactivation. Antioxidant defences include the enzyme...

Elimination of mycoplasma contamination of virus stocks

H. Malenovska, M. Reichelova

Vet Med - Czech, 2011, 56(11):547-550 | DOI: 10.17221/4273-VETMED  

We studied the effectivity of a commercial antibiotic kit Mycokill AB for the elimination of mycoplasma contamination in virus strains. The contaminated virus strains were first filtered, treated with Mycokill AB for three hours and repeatedly passaged in its presence in the cultivation medium in pure cell lines. Three passages in the presence of Mycokill AB were invariably followed by three passages without Mycokill AB. The effectivity of purification was then checked by PCR. Twenty-four out of 28 tested virus strains became free of mycoplasma after a first or second cycle of the treatment with Mycokill AB. The other four strains remained positive...

Expression of corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) in the enteric nervous system of the jejunum of sheep

A. Czujkowska, M.B. Arciszewski

Vet Med - Czech, 2011, 56(11):551-560 | DOI: 10.17221/4274-VETMED  

Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF), a 41-amino acid neuropeptide widely distributed in the mammalian central nervous system, has been shown to influence several gastrointestinal functions. Recent studies show that CRF released locally from enteric nerves may also underlie alterations in gut function. In this study, immunohistochemisty was applied to demonstrate the presence of CRF in the jejunum of sheep. Using double immunohistochemical staining the co-localization of CRF with vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), galanin, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), neuropeptide Y (NPY) and substance P (SP) was evaluated. The presence of CRF was detected in myenteric...

Prevalence of Linguatula serrata infection among dogs (definitive host) and domestic ruminants (intermediate host) in the North West of Iran

F. Rezaei, M. Tavassoli, A. Mahmoudian

Vet Med - Czech, 2011, 56(11):561-567 | DOI: 10.17221/4275-VETMED  

Linguatula serrata is a zoonotic parasite causing visceral and nasopharyngeal linguatulosis in humans. Dog and other canines are the main definitive hosts while most herbivores, including ruminants serve as intermediate hosts for linguatulosis. Human rarely become infected as both final and intermediate hosts. This survey aimed to assess the L. serrata infection rate of dogs and domestic ruminants in North West of Iran. The upper respiratory tract of 97 dogs including 45 females and 52 males and the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) of 396 goats (203 females and 193 males), 406 buffaloes (166 females and 240 males), 421 cattle (209 females...

Erythema multiforme minor in a dog following inappropriate intranasal Bordetella bronchiseptica vaccination: a case report

M.H. Kang, H.M. Park

Vet Med - Czech, 2011, 56(11):568-572 | DOI: 10.17221/4276-VETMED  

A one-year-old, intact female, Yorkshire terrier dog was presented with a six-month history of multifocal, polycyclic erythematous lesions with epidermal collarette formation at the axillae, the trunk and ventral abdomen. The dog had a history of an inappropriate vaccine administration one day prior to the onset of clinical signs. The histopathology of the lesions revealed apoptosis of keratinocytes in the overlying epidermis, hydropic degeneration and lymphocytic exocytosis. The clinical signs and histopathology of the lesions were compatible with erythema multiforme. The skin lesions resolved after treatment with prednisolone combined with azathioprine...

Twin mummified foetuses in a Holstein Friesian cow: a case report

O. Yilmaz, H.A. Celik, E. Yazici, M. Ucar

Vet Med - Czech, 2011, 56(11):573-576 | DOI: 10.17221/4277-VETMED  

Mummification of the bovine foetus is rare in cows. There is currently limited data available on the success of pregnancies following expulsion of mummified foetuses, especially after expulsion of twin mummified foetuses. This report describes a case of the expulsion of twin mummified foetuses from the uterus two days apart and the process of oestrous synchronisation for a new pregnancy of a five-year-old Holstein Friesian cow. The patient was referred with a slimy chocolate-coloured vaginal discharge. Bone fragments directly related to the foetus were visualised using transrectal ultrasonography with no foetal fluid in the uterus. An intramuscular...

Laparoscopy-assisted ventriculo-peritoneal shunt implantation in a dog: a case report

Z. Adamiak, A. Pomianowski, M. Kwiatkowska, A. Majchrowski, H. Matyjasik, P. Holak

Vet Med - Czech, 2011, 56(11):577-580 | DOI: 10.17221/4278-VETMED  

This article describes the procedure of ventriculo-peritoneal shunt implantation in an English bulldog with laparoscopy-assisted placement of the peritoneal catheter in the abdominal cavity. Prior to surgery, the patient was subjected to physical and neurological examinations involving a complete blood count (CBC), biochemistry profiling, EEG and MRI. This case report also describes the patient's pharmacological treatment before the procedure, the applied surgical technique and the benefits of the laparoscopy-assisted approach.