Veterinární medicína, 2012 (vol. 57), issue 4
The invasive and new non-invasive methods of mammalian oocyte and embryo quality assessment: a review
D. Bukowska, B. Kempisty, H. Piotrowska, R. Walczak, P. Sniadek, J. Dziuban, K.P. Brussow, J.M. Jaskowski, M. Nowicki
Vet Med - Czech, 2012, 57(4):169-176 | DOI: 10.17221/5913-VETMED 
The quality of oocytes-embryos can be determined by several techniques, including morphological, molecular, cellular and biochemical ones. The morphological methods of female gamete or embryo quality assessment often use thе following in vitro manipulation procedures such as: in vitro maturation (IVM), in vitro fertilization (IVF) and in vitro embryo production (IVP). However, these methods are highly subjective and the morphological classification of oocytes or embryos is not always compatible with their ability to grow and develop. Additionally, molecular biology methods are objective and present parametric...
Biologically active substances from water invertebrates: a review
J. Sinko, J. Rajchard, Z. Balounova, L. Fikotova
Vet Med - Czech, 2012, 57(4):177-184 | DOI: 10.17221/5914-VETMED
Some species of invertebrates especially bryozoans (Bryozoa syn. Ectoprocta) and marine sponges (Porifera) are very important sources of pharmacologically exploitable compounds. These substances are probably produced to protect themselves from fish predators and may be an advantage in competition. The real sources of compounds with these antipredatory effects are probably not marine invertebrates themselves, but microscopic symbionts or food which they feed on. Bryostatins from bryozoan species Bugula neritina are produced by a bacterial symbiont called Candidatus Endobugula sertula. They have significant anti-cancer effects, but...
Pain in domestic animals and how to assess it: a review
L. Landa
Vet Med - Czech, 2012, 57(4):185-192 | DOI: 10.17221/5915-VETMED
In recent years more attention has been paid to the issue of pain in animals, particularly in association with increasing awareness of animal welfare. It is therefore necessary for veterinarians to be able recognise unambiguously whether an animal suffers from pain. Adult humans suffering from pain can more or less characterise their painful experiences, including the site and intensity of the pain. However, pain in animals is in some aspects more complex and it can be rather difficult to evaluate the seriousness and impact of painful events. Therefore, in animals we have to recognise the signs of pain according to indirect markers which involve behavioural,...
Molecular detection of antimicrobial resistance genes in E. coli isolated from slaughtered commercial chickens in Iran
H. Momtaz, E. Rahimi, S. Moshkelani
Vet Med - Czech, 2012, 57(4):193-197 | DOI: 10.17221/5916-VETMED
This study was carried out to detect the distribution of antibiotic-resistant genes in Escherichia coli isolates from slaughtered commercial chickens in Iran by PCR. The investigated genes included aadA1, tet(A), tet(B), dfrA1, qnrA, aac(3)-IV, sul1, blaSHV, blaCMY, ere(A), catA1 and cmlA. According to biochemical experiments, 57 isolates from 360 chicken meat samples were recognized as E. coli. The distribution of antibiotic-resistance genes in the E. coli isolates included tet(A) and tet(B) (52.63%), dfrA1, qnrA, catA1...
Pathological and immunohistochemical studies on rare cases of primary extragenital transmissible venereal tumours in the mammary gland
K. Gupta, N.K. Sood
Vet Med - Czech, 2012, 57(4):198-206 | DOI: 10.17221/5917-VETMED
Transmissible venereal tumours (TVT) are normally seen on the genitalia of both male and female dogs, and at times may be observed on extra-genital sites such as lips, oral mucosa, and peritoneum, or in organs such as the tonsils, eye, liver, spleen, kidney, lung, and musculature. The present communication deals with two rare cases of primary extragenital TVT involving the mammary glands of dogs and their pathology and immunohistochemistry. The study indicated that apart from routinely used markers such as vimentin, p53, PCNA, Ki-67 and c-myc, the oncogenes Rb and cyclin D1 proved to be novel markers of TVT in dogs. To the authors' knowledge, this...
Total antioxidant capacity in dogs with gastric dilatation and volvulus
I. Uhrikova, K. Rehakova, L. Rauserova-Lexmaulova, A. Lojek, J. Doubek
Vet Med - Czech, 2012, 57(4):207-211 | DOI: 10.17221/5918-VETMED
The aim of this study was to determine total antioxidant capacity in dogs with gastric dilatation-volvulus syndrome (GDV) and its correlations with high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) and lactate concentrations. Correlation analyses between the measured parameters and disease severity were also performed. Fourteen dogs with GDV and six control dogs were used in this study. Blood was collected at the time of admission and again in the early reperfusion period. To assess antioxidant capacity, total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter (TRAP) analysis was performed. No significant difference in TRAP values existed between healthy dogs and dogs...
Mycobacteria in peat used as a supplement for pigs: failure of different decontamination methods to eliminate the risk
L. Matlova, M. Kaevska, M. Moravkova, V. Beran, J.E. Shitaye, I. Pavlik
Vet Med - Czech, 2012, 57(4):212-217 | DOI: 10.17221/5924-VETMED
Peat used as a feed supplement for piglets has favourable dietetic qualities; however, its frequent contamination with potentially pathogenic mycobacteria (PPM) has been shown to pose a potential risk to piglet health. The purpose of the present study was to investigate possible ways of devitalising mycobacteria. Examination of 118 samples from various types of commercially available peat (natural peat, packed peat for horticulture and specially processed peat intended for piglet feeding) showed that PPM were present in 84 (71.1%) samples. Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis (82.1%) was the most frequent mycobacterial isolate....