Vet Med - Czech, 2012, 57(4):198-206 | DOI: 10.17221/5917-VETMED
Pathological and immunohistochemical studies on rare cases of primary extragenital transmissible venereal tumours in the mammary gland
- College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Punjab, India
Transmissible venereal tumours (TVT) are normally seen on the genitalia of both male and female dogs, and at times may be observed on extra-genital sites such as lips, oral mucosa, and peritoneum, or in organs such as the tonsils, eye, liver, spleen, kidney, lung, and musculature. The present communication deals with two rare cases of primary extragenital TVT involving the mammary glands of dogs and their pathology and immunohistochemistry. The study indicated that apart from routinely used markers such as vimentin, p53, PCNA, Ki-67 and c-myc, the oncogenes Rb and cyclin D1 proved to be novel markers of TVT in dogs. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of extra-genital mammary TVT in canines.
Keywords: dogs; extra-genital; immunohistochemistry; mammary gland; primary transmissible venereal tumour
Published: April 30, 2012 Show citation
ACS | AIP | APA | ASA | Harvard | Chicago | Chicago Notes | IEEE | ISO690 | MLA | NLM | Turabian | Vancouver |
References
- Albanese F, Poli A, Millanta F, Abramo F (2002): Primary cutaneous extragenital canine transmissible venereal tumor with Leishmania-laden neoplastic cells: a further suggestion of histiocytic origin? Veterinary Dermatology 13, 243-246.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Amati B, Alevizopoulos K, Vlach J (1998): Myc and the cell cycle. Frontiers of Bioscience 3, d250-268.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Barbieri F, Cagnoli M, Ragni N, PeduIIa F, Foglia V, Alama A (1997): Expression of cyclin D1 correlates with malignancy in human ovarian tumours. British Journal of Cancer 75, 1263-1268.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Bastan A, Baki Acar D, Cengiz M (2008): Uterine and ovarian metastasis of transmissible venereal tumor in a bitch. Turkey Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 32, 65-66.
- Boscos CM, Ververidis HN, Tondis DK, Stamou AI, Samartzi FC (1998): Ocular involvement of transmissible venereal tumor in a dog. Veterinary Ophthalmology 1, 167-170.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Bouchard C, Staller P, Eilers M (1998): Control of cell proliferation by Myc. Trends in Cell Biology 8, 202- 206.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Dang CV (1999): c-Myc target genes involved in cell growth, apoptosis, and metabolism. Molecular and Cellular Biology 19, 1-11.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Dang CV, Resar LM, Emison E, Kim S, Li Q, Prescott JE, Wonsey D, Zeller K (1999): Function of the c-Myc oncogenic transcription factor. Experimental Cell Research 253, 63-77.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Das U, Das AK (2000): Review of canine transmissible venereal sarcoma. Veterinary Research Communications 24, 545-556.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Elend M, Eilers M (1999): Cell growth: downstream of Myc - to grow or to cycle? Current Biology 9, R936-R938.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Evan GI, Wyllie AH, Gilbert CS, Littlewood TD, Land H, Brooks M, Waters CM, Penn LZ, Hancock DC (1992): Induction of apoptosis in fibroblasts by c-myc protein. Cell 69, 119-128.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Ferreira AJ, Jaggy A, Varejao AP, Ferreira ML, Correia JM, Mulas JM, Almeida O, Oliveira P, Prada J (2000): Brain and ocular metastases from a transmissible venereal tumor in a dog. Journal of Small Animal Practice 41, 165-168.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Fournel FC (1997): Growth fractions in canine nonHodgkin's lymphomas as determined in situ by the expression of the Ki-67 antigen. Journal of Comparative Pathology 117, 61-72.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Gandarillas A, Watt FM (1997): c-Myc promotes differentiation of human epidermal stem cells. Genes and Development 11, 2869-2882.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Goldschmidt M, Pena L, Rasotto R, Zappulli V (2011): Classification and grading of canine mammary tumors. Veterinary Pathology 48, 117-131.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Haga S, Nakayama M, Tatsumi K, Maeda M, Imai S, Umesako S, Yamamoto H, Hilgers J, Sarkar NH (2001): Overexpression of the p53 gene product in canine mammary tumors. Oncology Reports 8, 1215-1219.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Heller DA, Clifford CA, Goldschmidt, MH, Holt DE, Shofer FS, Smith A, Sorenmo KU (2005): Cyclooxygenase-2 expression is associated with histologic tumor type in canine mammary carcinoma. Veterinary Pathology 42, 776-780.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Hoffman B, Liebermann DA (1998): The proto-oncogene c-myc and apoptosis. Oncogene, 17, 3351-3357.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Horowitz JM, Park SH, Bogenmann E,Cheng JC, Yandell DW, Kaye FJ, Minna JD, Dryja TP, Weinberg RA (1990): Frequent inactivation of the retinoblastoma anti-oncogene is restricted to a subset of human tumor cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 87, 2775-2779.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Iritani BM, Eisenman RN (1999): c-Myc enhances protein synthesis and cell size during B lymphocyte development. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 96, 13180-13185.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Jain NC (ed.) (1986): Schalm's Veterinary Haematology. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, USA.
- Johnston LA, Prober DA, Edgar BA, Eisenman RN, Gallant P (1999): Drosophila myc regulates cellular growth during development. Cell 98, 779-790.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Lee CH, Kim WH, Lim JH, Kang MS, Kim DY, Kweon OK (2004) : Mutation and over-expression of p53 as a prognostic factor in canine mammary tumors. Journal of Veterinary Science 5, 63-69.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Liao DJ, Dickson RB (2000): c-Myc in breast cancer. Endocrine-Related Cancer 7, 143-164.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Luna LG (ed.) (1968): Manual of Histologic Methods of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. McGraw-Hill, New York.
- Marchal T, Chabanne L, Kaplanski C, Rigal D, Magnol JP (1997): Immunophenotype of the canine transmissible venereal tumor. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 57, l-11.
Go to original source...
- Misdorp W (2002):12.0 Tumors of the mammary gland. In: Meuten DJ (ed.): Tumors in Domestic Animals. 4th ed. Iowa State Press, Ames, Iowa. 575-606.
Go to original source...
- Moro JY, Tinucci-Costa M, Silveira ACT, Gerardi DG, Alessi AC (2010): Reactivity of p53 protein in canine transmissible venereal tumor. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 62, 318-323.
Go to original source...
- Mozos E, Mendez A, Gomez-Villamandos JC, Martin De Las Mulas J, Perez J (1996): Immunohistochemical Characterization of Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor. Veterinary Pathology 33, 257-263.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Mukaratirwa S, Gruys E (2004): Canine transmissible venereal tumor: cytogenetic origin, immunophenotype, and immunobiology. A review. Veterinary Quarterly 25, 101-111.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Nesbit CE, Tersak JM, Prochownik EV (1999): MYC oncogenes and human neoplastic disease. Oncogene 18, 3004-3016.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Oduye OO, Ikede BO, Esuruoso GO, Akpokodje JU (1973): Metastatic transmissible venereal tumor in dogs. Journal of Small Animal Practice 14, 625-637.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Packham G, Cleveland JL (1992): c-Myc and apoptosis. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 1242, 11-28.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Park MS, Kim Y, Kang MS, Oh SY, Cho DY, Shin NS, Kim DY (2006): Disseminated transmissible venereal tumor in a dog. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 18, 130-133.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Pena LL, Nieto AI, Perez-Alenza D, Cuesta P, Castano M (1998): Immunohistochemical detection of Ki-67 and PCNA in canine mammary tumors: relationship to clinical and pathologic variables. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 10, 237-246.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Prendergast GC (1999): Mechanisms of apoptosis by cMyc. Oncogene. 18, 2967-2987.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Rezia A, Tavasoli A, Bahonar A, Mehrazma M (2009): Grading in canine mammary gland carcinoma. Journal of Biological Sciences 9, 333-338.
Go to original source...
- Ruiz FS, Alessi AC, Chagas CA, Pinto GA, Vassallo J (2005): Immunohistochemistry in diagnostic veterinary pathology: a critical review. Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial 41, 263-270.
Go to original source...
- Sanchez SA, Martinez S, Cordova AE, Fajardo R (2009): TP53 polymorphisms allow for genetic sub-grouping of the canine transmissible venereal tumor. Journal of Veterinary Science 10, 353-355.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Schmidt EV (1999): The role ofc-myc in cellular growth control. Oncogene 18, 2988-2996.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Schuhmacher M, Staege MS, Pajic A, Polack A, Weidle UH, Bornkamm GW, Eick D, Kohlhuber F (1999): Control of cell growth by c-Myc in the absence of cell division. Current Biology 9, 1255-1258.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Shi Y, Glynn JM, Guilbert LJ, Cotter TG, Bissonnette RP, Green DR (1992): Role for c-myc in activation-induced apoptotic cell death in T cell hybridomas. Science 257, 212-214.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Stockmann D, Ferrari HF, Andrade AL, Lopes RA., Cardoso TC, Luvizotto MCR (2011): Canine transmissible venereal tumors: Aspects related to programmed cell death. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Pathology 4, 67-75.
- Sutherland RL, Musgrove E A (2002): Cyclin D1 and mammary carcinoma: New insights from transgenic mouse models. Breast Cancer Research 4, 14-17.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Temitope AA, Adetola AR, Folashade MA, Olutayo OT, Edem AR, Olubukola NH, Babajide KO (2010): Radiographic assessment of canine transmissible venereal tumor metastases. Communications in Theriogenology 4, Doc 1.
- Zuccari DAPC, Pavam MV, Terzian ACB, Pereira RS, Ruiz CM, Andrade JC (2008): Immunohistochemical evaluation of e-cadherin, Ki-67 and PCNA in canine mammary neoplasias: Correlation of prognostic factors and clinical outcome. Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira 28, 207-215.
Go to original source...
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.