Veterinární medicína, 2012 (vol. 57), issue 7

Current concepts in simulation and other alternatives for veterinary education: a review

M. Valliyate, N.G. Robinson, J.R. Goodman

Vet Med - Czech, 2012, 57(7):325-337 | DOI: 10.17221/6261-VETMED  

Driven by a combination of pedagogical, ethical and economic factors, the use of simulation technology and other alternatives to traditional training methods has become increasingly common in veterinary education as a means to teach basic and advanced concepts along with technical skills. When paired with well-structured and supervised clinical training on animal patients, these modern methodologies help educators fill gaps left by conventional methods, reduce and replace the consumptive use of live animals, and ultimately result in the graduation of more confident and proficient veterinarians, veterinary technicians, and allied health personnel. This...

Animal welfare in the newborn piglet: a review

D. Mota-Rojas, J. Martinez-Burnes, D. Villanueva-Garcia, P. Roldan-Santiago, M.E. Trujillo-Ortega, H. Orozco-Gregorio, H. Bonilla-Jaime, A. Lopez-Mayagoitia

Vet Med - Czech, 2012, 57(7):338-349 | DOI: 10.17221/6262-VETMED  

The objective of this review is to integrate clinical findings and laboratory analyses in such a way to improve the welfare of newborn piglets and achieve better prognoses of neonatal viability. Deaths during the intrapartum period account for a significant proportion of pre-weaning mortality in farms worldwide. Piglets which die during parturition generally have normal size and typically lack gross lesions at post-mortem examination. However, circulatory abnormalities in the umbilical cord help in assessing piglet viability. Cord lesions can be classified as normal (adhered), oedematous, congested or haemorrhagic and should always be evaluated in...

The immunological, biochemical and molecular bases of canine senescence and carcinogenesis: a review

M. Wozna, B. Kempisty, H. Piotrowska, J. Dorszewska, D. Bukowska, M. Nowicki

Vet Med - Czech, 2012, 57(7):350-359 | DOI: 10.17221/6263-VETMED  

Senescence is a complex set of processes involving several biochemical, molecular and metabolomic changes, including also many disturbances in the immunological system. There are many factors, described as intrinsic and extrinsic (environmental), that may lead to advanced body senescence. In this review, several of the biochemical as well as molecular factors involved in senescence are described. The importance of immunological deficiencies as well as changes in the immunological response after induction of senescence is also highlighted. Furthermore, the molecular basis of canine carcinogenesis in relation to interleukin expression and activation...

Validation of a simple method for the interpretation of uterine cytology in cows

M. Prieto, M. Barrio, L.A. Quintela, C.C. Perez-marin, J.J. Becerra, M. Vigo, C. Diaz, J. Cainzos, A. Prieto, F.I. Fernandez, D. Martinez, P.G. Herradon

Vet Med - Czech, 2012, 57(7):360-363 | DOI: 10.17221/6264-VETMED  

One of the main drawbacks of using endometrial cytology in cows is the time required for sample collection and interpretation. It is recommended to count a large number of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and to calculate their overall percentage. However, since counting a large number of cells is a laborious method, it would be preferable to simplify the analysis by counting the number of PMN in few microscopic fields. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess whether a simple test, based on calculating the average number of PMN in 10 fields at 1000×, could be a reliable technique for the diagnosis of endometritis. Two hundred and sixty endometrial...

The effect of felbamate on behavioural sensitization to methamphetamine in mice

L. Landa, K. Slais, A. Sulcova

Vet Med - Czech, 2012, 57(7):364-370 | DOI: 10.17221/6265-VETMED  

It has been shown that methamphetamine (Met) similary to other psychostimulants induces a progressive augmentation of behavioural responses after repeated administration, so called behavioural sensitisation. Numerous studies refer to an important role for N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the development of behavioural sensitisation. Activating antiepileptic drugs of the newer second generation, such as felbamate (Fel), also invoke psychotropic effects. They may possess attention-enhancing and antidepressant activity, causing anxiety, insomnia, and agitation. Although not all pharmacological effects of felbamate are fully elucidated...

Mesenteric caseous lymphadenitis in a cow calf caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis: a case report

N.K. Sood, B.S. Sandhu, K. Gupta, D. Narang, K. Vasudeva, N.D. Singh

Vet Med - Czech, 2012, 57(7):371-3675 | DOI: 10.17221/6266-VETMED  

Caseous lymphadenitis caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is mainly a disease of sheep and goats and is of zoonotic importance. The disease has rarely been recorded in cattle and mostly in its superficial form. The present communication deals with an extremely rare case of corynebacterium-induced mesenteric pseudotuberculosis in a cow calf. The gross, cytologic, histopathologic and microbial isolation as well as cultural characteristics of the organisms have been described, as well as the mode of spread of the disease to the mesenteric lymph nodes. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of mesenteric caseous lymphadenitis...

Atresia coli in a Japanese black calf diagnosed by a barium sulphate enema contrast radiograph in the standing position: a case report

K. Abouelnasr, M. Ishii, H. Inokuma, Y. Kobayashi, K. Lee, K. Yamada

Vet Med - Czech, 2012, 57(7):376-379 | DOI: 10.17221/6267-VETMED  

A three day-old Japanese black calf was admitted with a history of abdominal distension and absence of defecation. Dilated loops of the small intestine and hypoplasia of the colon and rectum was observed upon a contrast radiographic examination in the standing position. At necropsy atresia coli with undeveloped rectum and patent anal opening was found. We conclude that a contrast radiograph in the standing position is useful for diagnosing atresia coli in such cases.

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia urinary tract infections in three dogs: a case report

S. Kralova-Kovarikova, R. Husnik, D. Honzak, P. Kohout, P. Fictum

Vet Med - Czech, 2012, 57(7):380-383 | DOI: 10.17221/6268-VETMED  

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was isolated from three dogs with lower urinary tract disorders. The bacterium was cultured from bladder wall biopsy specimens obtained during cystoscopy, whereas urine culture was negative in all cases. The culture of biopsy specimens is useful and may help with the therapy even if diagnosis of the primary disease has been made.