Vet Med - Czech, 2022, 67(6):298-308 | DOI: 10.17221/102/2021-VETMED

Occurrence of antibiotic resistant C. jejuni and E. coli in wild birds, chickens, humans, and the environment in Malay villages, Kedah, MalaysiaOriginal Paper

M-YI Mohamed1,2, J Abu3, S Abdul Aziz1, Z Zakaria1, AR Khan4, I Habib2
1 Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
2 Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Food and Agriculture, United Arab of Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
3 Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
4 Department of Public Health and Medicine, Penang Medical College, George Town, Penang, Malaysia

Foodborne pathogens have become a major concern not only due to the diseases they cause, but also because of the rise of antibiotic resistant strains in human and animals. The purposes of this study were to determine the occurrence of Campylobacter jejuni and Escherichia coli and their antibiotic resistance profiles in wild birds, chickens, humans, and the environment in Malay villages in Malaysia. Three Malay villages in Kota Setar, Kedah were chosen. Three hundred nine (309) samples were collected in this study including wild birds (38), chickens (71), humans (47), and the environment (153). Subsequently, the C. jejuni and E coli isolates were tested against antibiotics using the disc diffusion method. Campylobacter jejuni was found positive in 17 (37.8%) flies and 8 (11.3%) chickens. Also, E. coli was found positive in 89.4% of human, 47.4% of bird, 44 62% of chicken and in 71.2% of the environmental samples. Ten antibiotics were used to determine the susceptibility of the isolates. Eighty four percent (84%) of C. jejuni and 100% of E. coli isolates were found to show resistance towards at least one antibiotic. The isolates showed high resistance to cefpodoxime and tetracycline.

Keywords: biochemical tests; faeces; flies; identification; PCR assay; soil; water

Received: July 30, 2021; Accepted: February 9, 2022; Prepublished online: March 20, 2022; Published: June 15, 2022  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
YI Mohamed M, Abu J, Abdul Aziz S, Zakaria Z, Khan A, Habib I. Occurrence of antibiotic resistant C. jejuni and E. coli in wild birds, chickens, humans, and the environment in Malay villages, Kedah, Malaysia. Vet Med - Czech. 2022;67(6):298-308. doi: 10.17221/102/2021-VETMED.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Al-Delaimy AK, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Nasr NA, Sady H, Atroosh WM, Nashiry M, Anuar TS, Moktar N, Lim YA, Mahmud R. Epidemiology of intestinal polyparasitism among Orang Asli school children in rural Malaysia. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014 Aug 21;8(8):e3074. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    2. Banting GS, Braithwaite S, Scott C, Kim J, Jeon B, Ashbolt N, Ruecker N, Tymensen L, Charest J, Pintar K, Checkley S, Neumann NF. Campylobacter-specific quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays for detection and enumeration of Campylobacteraceae in irrigation water and wastewater via a miniaturized most-probable-number-qPCR assay. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2016 Jul 15;82(15):4743-56. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    3. Bonnedahl J, Drobni M, Gauthier-Clerc M, Hernandez J, Granholm S, Kayser Y, Melhus A, Kahlmeter G, Waldenstrom J, Johansson A, Olsen B. Dissemination of Escherichia coli with CTX-M type ESBL between humans and yellow-legged gulls in the south of France. PLoS One. 2009 Jun 18;4(6):e5958. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    4. CLSI - Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing: Twenty-sixth informational supplement. CLSI document M100-S26. Wayne, PA. USA; 2016.
    5. Fadaeenejad M, Radzi MAM, AbKadir MZA, Hizam H. Assessment of hybrid renewable power sources for rural electrification in Malaysia. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. 2014 Feb;30:299-305. Go to original source...
    6. Gregova G, Kmet V. Antibiotic resistance and virulence of Escherichia coli strains isolated from animal rendering plant. Sci Rep. 2020 Oct;10(1):1-7. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    7. Guevremont E, Lamoureux L, Genereux M, Cote C. Irrigation water sources and time intervals as variables on the presence of Campylobacter spp. and Listeria monocytogenes on romaine lettuce grown in muck soil. J Food Prot. 2017 Jun;80(7):1182-7. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    8. Habib I, Mohamed M-YI, Khan M. Current state of Salmonella, Campylobacter and Listeria in the food chain across the Arab countries: A descriptive review. Foods. 2021 Oct 5;10(10):2369. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    9. Hudson JA, Nicol C, Wright J, Whyte R, Hasell SK. Seasonal variation of Campylobacter types from human cases, veterinary cases, raw chicken, milk and water. J Appl Microbiol. 1999 Jul;87(1):115-24. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    10. Huttenhower C, Gevers D, Knight R, Abubucker S, Badger JH, Chinwalla AT, Fulton RS. Structure, function and diversity of the healthy human microbiome. Nature. 2012 Jun;486(7402):207-14. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    11. Jalo IM, Abdul-Aziz S, Bitrus AA, Goni MD, Abu J, Bejo SK, Mohamed MA, Mohamed M-YI. Occurrence of multidrug resistant (MDR) Campylobacterspecies isolated from retail chicken meats in Selangor, Malaysia and their associated risk factors. Malays J Microbiol. 2018 Feb;14(3):272-81.
    12. Kolenda R, Burdukiewicz M, Schierack P. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the epidemiology of pathogenic Escherichia coli of calves and the role of calves as reservoirs for human pathogenic E. coli. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2015 Mar 12;5:23. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    13. Liao X, Ma Y, Daliri EBM, Koseki S, Wei S, Liu D, Ding T. Interplay of antibiotic resistance and food-associated stress tolerance in foodborne pathogens. Trends Food Sci Technol. 2020 Jan;95:97-106. Go to original source...
    14. Luangtongkum T, Morishita TY, Ison AJ, Huang S, McDermott PF, Zhang Q. Effect of conventional and organic production practices on the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter spp. in poultry. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2006 May;72(5):3600-7. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    15. Magajna BA, Schraft H. Campylobacter jejuni biofilm cells become viable but non-culturable (VBNC) in low nutrient conditions at 4 °C more quickly than their planktonic counterparts. Food Control. 2015 Apr;50:45-50. Go to original source...
    16. Magiorakos AP, Srinivasan A, Carey RB, Carmeli Y, Falagas ME, Giske CG, Harbarth S, Hindler JF, Kahlmeter G, Olsson-Liljequist B, Paterson DL, Rice LB, Stelling J, Struelens MJ, Vatopoulos A, Weber JT, Monnet DL. Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: An international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2012 Mar;18(3):268-81. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    17. Milanovic V, Osimani A, Pasquini M, Aquilanti L, Garofalo C, Taccari M, Cardinali F, Riolo P, Clementi F. Getting insight into the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes in specimens of marketed edible insects. Int J Food Microbiol. 2016 Jun 16;227:22-8. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    18. Mohamed M-YI, Abu J, Abdul-Aziz S, Zakaria Z, Rashid A, Awad EA. Occurrence of antibiotic resistant C. jejuni and E. coli in wild birds, chickens, environment and humans from Orang Asli villages in Sungai Siput, Perak, Malaysia. Am J Anim Vet Sci. 2019a Jan;14(3):158-69. Go to original source...
    19. Mohamed M-YI, Abdul-Aziz S, Abu J, Khairani-Bejo S, Puan CL, Bitrus AA, Aliyu AB, Awad EA. Occurrence of antibiotic resistant Campylobacter in wild birds and poultry. Malays J Microbiol. 2019b Oct;15(2):143-51.
    20. Mohamed M-YI. Occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in foodborne bacteria (Campylobacter and E. coli): A food safety issue and public health hazard. Nutri Food Sci Int J. 2021a Jun;11(1):555801. Go to original source...
    21. Mohamed M-YI. Wild birds as possible source of Campylobacter jejuni. Appro Poult Dairy Vet Sci. 2021b Jul 9; 8(3):791-3. Go to original source...
    22. Mohamed M-YI. Occurrence of Campylobacter jejuni in poultry meats. Nov Res Sci. 2021c June;8(1):1-3.
    23. Nhung NT, Cuong NV, Campbell J, Hoa NT, Bryant JE, Truc VN, Kiet BT, Jombart T, Trung NV, Hien VB, Thwaites G, Baker S, Carrique-Mas J. High levels of antimicrobial resistance among escherichia coli isolates from livestock farms and synanthropic rats and shrews in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2015 Feb;81(3): 812-20. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    24. Nielsen DW, Klimavicz JS, Cavender T, Wannemuehler Y, Barbieri NL, Nolan LK, Logue CM. The impact of media, phylogenetic classification, and E. coli pathotypes on biofilm formation in extraintestinal and commensal E. coli from humans and animals. Front Microbiol. 2018 May 8; 9:1-12. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    25. Nilsson A, Johansson C, Skarp A, Kaden R, Engstrand L, Rautelin H. Genomic and phenotypic characteristics of Swedish C. jejuni water isolates. PLoS One. 2017 Dec 7; 12(12):e0189222. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    26. Nwankwo IO, Faleke OO, Salihu MD, Musa U, Magaji AA, Audu B, Ngulukun S. Prevalence and molecular identification of Campylobacter species isolates from poultry and humans in Sokoto, Nigeria. J Vet Sci. 2017;15(4):1-8. Go to original source...
    27. Osbjer K, Boqvist S, Sokerya S, Chheng K, San S, Davun H, Rautelin H, Magnusson U. Risk factors associated with Campylobacter detected by PCR in humans and animals in rural Cambodia. Epidemiol Infect. 2016 Oct;144(14): 2979-88. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    28. Royden A, Wedley A, Merga JY, Rushton S, Hald B, Humphrey T, Williams NJ. A role for flies (Diptera) in the transmission of Campylobacter to broilers? Epidemiol Infect. 2016 Nov;144(15):3326-34. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    29. Sarowska J, Futoma-Koloch B, Jama-Kmiecik A, FrejMadrzak M, Ksiazczyk M, Bugla-Ploskonska G, Choroszy-Krol I. Virulence factors, prevalence and potential transmission of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from different sources: Recent reports. Gut Pathog. 2019 Feb 21;11:1-16. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    30. Sensale M, Cuomo A, Dipineto L, Santaniello A, Calabria M, Menna LF. Survey of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in different taxa and ecological guilds of migratory birds. Ital J Anim Sci. 2006 Mar;5(3):291-4. Go to original source...
    31. Sharma P, Maherchandani S, Shringi BN, Kashyap SK, Sundar KSG. Temporal variations in patterns of Escherichia coli strain diversity and antimicrobial resistance in the migrant Egyptian vulture. Infect Ecol Epidemiol. 2018 Mar 14;8(1):1450590. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    32. Vittecoq M, Laurens C, Brazier L, Durand P, Elguero E, Arnal A, Thomas F, Aberkane S, Renaud N, Prugnolle F, Solassol J, Jean-Pierre H, Godreuil S, Renaud F. VIM-1 carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli in gulls from southern France. Ecol Evol. 2017 Jan 25;7(4):1224-32. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    33. Wallace MJ, Fishbein SRS, Dantas G. Antimicrobial resistance in enteric bacteria: Current state and next-generation solutions. Gut Microbes. 2020 Nov 9;12(1):1799654. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    34. Zaman SB, Hussain MA, Nye R, Mehta V, Mamun KT, Hossain N. A Review on antibiotic resistance: Alarm bells are ringing. Cureus. 2017 Jun 28;9(6):e1403. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


    Return to the content