Vet Med - Czech, 2014, 59(1):29-32 | DOI: 10.17221/7243-VETMED

Transcutaneous ultrasonographic examination of the left kidney in healthy cowsOriginal Paper

S. Imran, S. Sharma
College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India

The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of a new technique for transcutaneous ultrasonographic imaging coupled with transrectal manoeuvering for the examination of the left kidney using 10 clinically healthy Jersey/Red Sindhi crossbred cows. The areas extending caudally from the tuber-coxae, cranially up to the 11th intercostal space, dorsally from the lumbar transverse processes, and ventrally up to the midflank on both sides (left and right) were shaved. The transducer was placed in the right and left paralumbar fossae, the 3rd (between vertebrae L3 and L4) and the 4th (between vertebrae L4 and L5) lumbar spaces, respectively. For transrectal manoeuvring of the left kidney, the arm was inserted in to the rectum beyond the elbow to palpate and push the left kidney gently towards the right abdominal wall. The left kidney was imaged in its entirety from the right paralumbar fossa in all of the cows. However, it could not be imaged with clarity without a gentle transrectal push towards the right abdominal wall at the time of imaging. The left kidney was also imaged via the 3rd (between vertebrae L3 and L4) and the 4th (between vertebrae L4 and L5) lumbar spaces in only eight of 10 cows, but the quality of imaging was poor in comparison to the transflank imaging. Moreover, in four of ten cows, the right and left kidneys were imaged together in one ultrasonographic image. On the basis of our results we consider transcutaneous ultrasonography, simultaneously supported with transrectal manoeuvring, to be suitable for evaluation of the left kidney in cows. The findings reported in this study may be of assistance to veterinary surgeons by providing a basis for use in clinical procedures such as transcutaneous ultrasonography-guided renal biopsies.

Keywords: ultrasonography; cow; kidney; rumen

Published: January 31, 2014  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Imran S, Sharma S. Transcutaneous ultrasonographic examination of the left kidney in healthy cows. Vet Med - Czech. 2014;59(1):29-32. doi: 10.17221/7243-VETMED.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Braun U (1991): Ultrasonographic examination of the right kidney in cows. American Journal of Veterinary Research 52, 1933-1939. Go to original source...
    2. Braun U (1993): Ultrasonographic examination of the left kidney, the urinary bladder, and the urethra in the cows. Zentralblatt fur Veterinarmedizin A 40, 1-9. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    3. Braun U, Nuss K, Wehbrink D, Rauch S, Pospischil A (2008): Clinical and ultrasonographic findings, diagnosis and treatment of pyelonephritis in 17 cows. Veterinary Journal 175, 240-248. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    4. Budras K-D, Wunsche A (2003): Pelvic cavity and inguinal region, including urinary and genital organs (lymphatic system, adrenal glands, and urinary organs). In: Budras K-D (ed.): Bovine Anatomy. 1st ed. Schlutersche GmbH & Co. KG, Verlag und Druckerei Hans-BöcklerAllee 7, Hannover, Germany. 82 pp.
    5. Durgut R, Gonenci R, Atesoglu EO (2003): The diagnosis of trigonitis in cows using transrectal ultrasonography and biochemical and histological techniques. Veteriner Cerrahi Dergisi 9, 23-26.
    6. Floeck M (2007): Sonographic application in the diagnosis of pyelonephritis in cattle. Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound 48, 74-77. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    7. Floeck M (2009): Ultrasonography of bovine urinary tract disorders. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 25, 651-667. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    8. Grunder H-D (1979): Urinary system. In: Rosenberger G (ed.): Clinical Examination of Cattle. 2nd ed. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin and Hamburg, Germany. 266-268.
    9. Hoque M, Somvanshi R, Singh GR, Mogha IV (2002): Ultrasonographic evaluation of urinary bladder in normal, fern fed and enzootic bovine haematuria-affected cattle. Journal of Veterinary Medicine A 49, 403-407. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    10. Magda A (2006): Diagnosis of obstructive urolithiasis in cattle and buffalo by using ultrasonography. Online Journal of Veterinary Research 10, 26-30.
    11. Pekkaya S, Sava ZTRK, Demurkan U, Kubar M, Buman M (2005): Transrectal ultrasonographic examination of the urinary system in Holstein cows. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 29, 263-267.

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


    Return to the content