Veterinární medicína, 2008 (vol. 53), issue 6

Detection methods for Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis in milk and milk products: a review

I. Slana, F. Paolicchi, B. Janstova, P. Navratilova, I. Pavlik

Vet Med - Czech, 2008, 53(6):283-306 | DOI: 10.17221/1859-VETMED  

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the etiologic agent of paratuberculosis, a disease with considerable economic impact, principally on dairy cattle herds. Animals with paratuberculosis shed viable MAP especially in their milk, faeces and semen. MAP may have a role in the development of Crohn's disease in humans via the consumption of contaminated milk and milk products. The current methods of milk pasteurization are not sufficient to kill all MAP cells present in milk and MAP has been cultured from raw or pasteurized milk and isolated from cheese. The purpose of the present study was to review...

Resistance to erythromycin of Staphylococcus spp. isolates from the food chain

J. Schlegelova, H. Vlkova, V. Babak, M. Holasova, Z. Jaglic, T. Stosova, P. Sauer

Vet Med - Czech, 2008, 53(6):307-314 | DOI: 10.17221/1856-VETMED  

The aim of this study was to determine both the occurrence and the genetic basis of resistance to erythromycin among 1 235 Staphylococcus spp. isolates obtained between 2000 and 2006 from (a) raw milk and meat (1 704 samples), (b) foodstuffs produced from these (451 samples), and (c) contact surfaces at processing plants and dairy farms (363 samples) in the Czech Republic. Isolates were screened by broth microdilution method for resistance to erythromycin and further 11 antimicrobial agents. In addition, isolates were screened by agar dilution (erythromycin range 1-128 mg/l) and D-zone test for inducible resistance to macrolides, lincosamides...

Comparison of live and inactivated Salmonella Typhimurium vaccines containing different combinations of SPI-1 and SPI-2 antigens in poultry

K. Papezova, H. Havlickova, F. Sisak, V. Kummer, M. Faldyna, I. Rychlik

Vet Med - Czech, 2008, 53(6):315-323 | DOI: 10.17221/1858-VETMED  

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica originating from poultry and poultry products is responsible for the vast majority of human gastrointestinal disorders in Europe. For this reason different measures that seek to decrease its incidence in poultry including vaccination with inactivated vaccine continue to be tested. In this study we compared four different inactivated vaccines of S. Typhimurium in chickens which were enriched by SPI-1 or SPI-2 proteins that are central to Salmonella virulence. Six-week-old chickens were intramuscularly vaccinated, revaccinated at 9 weeks and challenged at 12 weeks of age. For two weeks post...

Effects of metribuzin on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

J. Velisek, Z. Svobodova, V. Piackova, L. Novotny, J. Blahova, E. Sudova, V. Maly

Vet Med - Czech, 2008, 53(6):324-332 | DOI: 10.17221/1857-VETMED  

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of metribuzin on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). An experimental group of fish was exposed to Sencor 70 WG pesticide product (active substance 70% of metribuzin). The acute semistatical toxicity test lasting 96 h was performed on rainbow trout juveniles. The 96hLC50 value of Sencor 70 WG was 89.3 mg/l. An examination of the haematological and biochemical profile and histopathological tissue examinations were performed on one- to two-year-old rainbow trout after 96 h of exposure to Sencor WG 70 in a concentration of 89.3 mg/l. The experimental group showed significantly lower values (P...

Effect of exercise on physiological, blood and endocrine parameters in search and rescue-trained dogs

S. Rovira, A. Munoz, M. Benito

Vet Med - Czech, 2008, 53(6):333-346 | DOI: 10.17221/1860-VETMED  

Exercise induces a variety of physiological and laboratorial changes of different magnitude and direction, depending on the characteristics of the performed exercise (duration and intensity) and on the fitness and training level of the dog. The present research aims to describe the normal response to a session of search and rescue exercise in trained dogs in order to distinguish these changes from those derived from exhaustion or diseases. Nine healthy and trained dogs of both sexes (five females and four males), aged between 24 months and seven years (mean: 3.5 years) were studied. Exercise consisted in a normal session of searching and rescue training...