Vet Med - Czech, 2006, 51(11):497-511 | DOI: 10.17221/5584-VETMED

Mycobacterial and Rhodococcus equi infections in pigs in the Czech Republic between the years 1996 and 2004: the causal factors and distribution of infections in the tissues

J.E. Shitaye1, I. Parmova2, L. Matlova1, L. Dvorska1, A. Horvathova1, V. Vrbas1, I. Pavlik1
1 Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
2 State Veterinary Diagnostic Institute, Prague, Czech Republic

Between 1996 and 2004, tissue samples from 3 630 slaughtered pigs were examined by gross examination, microscopy after the Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining of homogenised tissues for the detection of acid-fast rods (AFR) and by culture for the presence of mycobacteria and Rhodococcus equi: 1 781 head lymph nodes (ln), 1 123 mesenteric ln, 54 pulmonary ln, 32 inguinal ln, 562 non-identified ln and 78 samples of tissues from parenchymatous organs (liver, spleen and kidneys). Tuberculous/tuberculoid lesions were not detected in 249 (6.9%) animals slaughtered due to a positive response to avian tuberculin. Various gross lesions were detected in 3 381 (93.1%) animals as follows: adenopathy in 150 (4.1%), tuberculous lesions with caseation in 2 026 (55.8%) and tuberculous lesions with calcification in 1 205 (33.2%) of them. AFR were found in tissues from 2 047 (56.4%) animals: in 36 (14.5%) animals free from gross lesions, in 28 (18.7%) animals with adenopathy, in 801 (39.5%) animals with caseation and in 913 (75.8%) animals with calcified tuberculous lesions. Mycobacteria were isolated from the tissues of 289 (15.8%) of 1 852 animals without detected AFR and from the tissues of 1 290 (72.5%) of the 1 778 animals with detected AFR of various intensities. Of 1 579 mycobacterial isolates 1 493 (94.6%) were classified as M. avium complex (MAC) members: 469 (29.7%) M. a. avium (IS901+, serotypes 1, 2, and 3) and 891 (56.4%) M. a. hominissuis (IS901-) isolates of serotypes 4 (n = 1), 8 (n = 643), 9 (n = 74) and non-typed (n = 173). The other 52 (3.3%) isolates were members of other mycobacterial species: M. chelonae (n = 35), M. smegmatis (n = 4), M. xenopi (n = 3), M. terrae (n = 7), M. aurum (n = 1), M. scrofulaceum (n = 1), M. fortuitum (n = 1) and biochemically non-identified mycobacteria (n = 34). By examination of ZN stained homogenised tissues, AFR were detected significantly more frequently (P < 0.01) in samples from animals with caseated and/or calcified tuberculous lesions than in tissues from animals without tuberculous lesions. The detection rate of isolates from tissues with tuberculous lesions was likewise significantly higher (P < 0.01) than from tissues without tuberculous lesions.

Keywords: atypical mycobacteria; IS901; IS1245; PCR; serotyping; zoonosis; avian tuberculosis; economic losses; bovine tuberculosis

Published: November 30, 2006  Show citation

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Shitaye JE, Parmova I, Matlova L, Dvorska L, Horvathova A, Vrbas V, Pavlik I. Mycobacterial and Rhodococcus equi infections in pigs in the Czech Republic between the years 1996 and 2004: the causal factors and distribution of infections in the tissues. Vet Med - Czech. 2006;51(11):497-511. doi: 10.17221/5584-VETMED.
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