Veterinární medicína, 2026 (vol. 71), issue 9
The occurrence of minor mastitis pathogens in dairy cows in SlovakiaOriginal Paper
K Tvarozkova, B Gancarova, L Cernek, L Macuhova, M Uhrincat, M Vrskova, V Tancin
Vet Med - Czech, 2026, 71(9):349-353 | DOI: 10.17221/14/2026-VETMED 
Udder health in the dairy industry is one of the main factors influencing the production of high-quality and safe dairy products. In dairy practice, the udder is exposed to the presence of microorganisms, which, after penetration through the teat canal into the tissue, cause the main health problem – mastitis. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of minor pathogens in the milk of dairy cows with suspected udder health problems under the conditions of Slovak dairy farms in 2017–2023. A total of 47 dairy farms were involved, and 2 236 udder quarter milk samples were collected from dairy cows. Minor pathogens accounted...
Origin and composition of the brachial plexus in the alpaca (Vicugna pacos)Original Paper
N Mutschler, J Maierl
Vet Med - Czech, 2026, 71(9):354-372 | DOI: 10.17221/94/2025-VETMED
Alpacas (Vicugna pacos), members of the family Camelidae, are gaining popularity in Europe and worldwide. This study describes the origin and composition of the brachial plexus in alpacas and compares them with those of selected mammals. Six alpacas, aged one day to 16 years, were examined. In five animals, the plexus was formed by the ventral branches of C7, C8, and T1; in one specimen, T2 also contributed. After passing through the scalenus muscles – with C7 traversing separately from the caudal roots (C8, T1) – the roots continued as trunks toward the forelimb. Fibre exchange resulted in the formation of two cords. Nerves...
Guided tissue regeneration for severe periodontal disease in dogs: A retrospective studyOriginal Paper
C Park, MM Rahman, K Han, I Jeong, NS Kim
Vet Med - Czech, 2026, 71(9):373-386 | DOI: 10.17221/96/2025-VETMED
Clinical evidence on guided tissue regeneration (GTR) in dogs with advanced periodontal defects is limited. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes and tooth survival after GTR in dogs with severe periodontal disease. The medical records of 67 dogs with 129 treated teeth/sites in total were reviewed. The regenerative treatment consisted of an enamel matrix derivative or bovine-derived xenograft in combination with a collagen membrane, which was selected based on the clinical characteristics of each case. Periodontal outcomes were assessed based on probing depth, clinical attachment level, radiographic...
Evaluation of organ visualisation and biopsy quality during left-sided coelioscopy in rescued Northern boobooks (Ninox japonica)Original Paper
J-H Han, S-E Ryu, H-W An, HJ Son, SY Ahn, J Kim, JW Park, S-C Yeon
Vet Med - Czech, 2026, 71(9):387-397 | DOI: 10.17221/9/2026-VETMED
Intra-vital diagnosis in wild raptors can be confounded by their stoic nature, often leading to cryptic morbidity. While coelioscopy offers a minimally invasive alternative, its performance regarding diagnostic utility and biopsy quality remains uncharacterised in small owls. Eight Northern boobooks (Ninox japonica) underwent diagnostic coelioscopy using a 2.7 mm rigid endoscope. Ease of coelomic entry was scored on a predefined scale, followed by a clockwise systematic survey of the anterior, dorsal, and caudal quadrants, during which organ visibility was graded. Lung, liver, and kidney biopsies were acquired; for four euthanised owls,...