Vet Med - Czech, 2026, 71(10):415-421 | DOI: 10.17221/34/2026-VETMED

Impact of preanalytical sample handling on GLP-1 measurement in porcine plasma: A pilot ELISA-based studyOriginal Paper

L Culka ORCID...1, J Novotny ORCID...1, L Leskova2, Z Krepelkova ORCID...1, V Karaffova ORCID...3, M Madarova ORCID...4, P Schusterova ORCID...5
1 Clinic for Swine, University Veterinary Hospital, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
2 Department of Public Veterinary Medicine and Animal Welfare, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
3 Department of Morphological Disciplines, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
4 Clinic for Ruminants, University Veterinary Hospital, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
5 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone that plays a key role in the regulation of glucose metabolism; however, it is highly sensitive to biological sample handling conditions. The aim of this pilot study, conducted in two piglets and two adult finishing pigs, was to compare the effects of selected preanalytical factors on measured GLP-1 concentrations in porcine plasma and to identify conditions suitable for its reliable determination using ELISA. The evaluated factors included blood collection tube type (EDTA vs EDTA with a DPP-4 inhibitor), centrifugation temperature (4 °C vs room temperature), and sample processing conditions (fresh vs frozen samples). In addition, the influence of the physiological status of the animals (fasting vs post-glucose administration) was assessed. Samples collected in tubes containing a DPP-4 inhibitor showed higher measured GLP-1 concentrations than standard EDTA samples. Samples processed at room temperature showed higher GLP-1 concentrations compared to samples centrifuged at 4 °C. The obtained results suggest that sample handling conditions may significantly influence GLP-1 determination by ELISA. The use of EDTA tubes containing a DPP-4 inhibitor combined with rapid sample processing and centrifugation at 4 °C may represent a suitable procedure for standardised GLP-1 measurement.

Keywords: DPP-4 inhibitor; ELISA; GLP-1; porcine plasma; sample handling; sample stability

Received: May 13, 2026; Revised: July 30, 2026; Accepted: August 3, 2026; Prepublished online: October 9, 2026; Published: October 15, 2026  Show citation

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Culka L, Novotny J, Leskova L, Krepelkova Z, Karaffova V, Madarova M, Schusterova P. Impact of preanalytical sample handling on GLP-1 measurement in porcine plasma: A pilot ELISA-based study. Veterinární medicína. 2026;71(10):415-421. doi: 10.17221/34/2026-VETMED.
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