Veterinární medicína - Latest articles

Therapeutic potential of cannabis for surgical wound healing in rats

GD Akarsu, R Hobek Akarsu

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(8):297-306 | DOI: 10.17221/21/2024-VETMED  

This study was conducted to evaluate the wound-healing activities of a Cannabis sativa L. plant extract and cannabidiol on incision wounds. An incision was created and sutured in rats under anaesthesia. Routine wound care procedures were applied for 10 days, followed by histological wound examinations. The cellular bioactivities of the hemp extract and CBD were assessed for MCP-1, EGF, BFGF, IL-8, and COL-1 using ELISA on the rat skin wound healing activity. A one-way ANOVA was used for the data analysis. The EGF values in the plasma were similar in the povidone-iodine, hemp seed oil, and hemp essential oil groups (P > 0.05)....

Non-surgical pain management for hip joint disease in veterinary medicine

J Toholova, S Hornak, M Kuricova

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(8):261-272 | DOI: 10.17221/19/2024-VETMED  

The most common orthopaedic developmental disease in dogs is hip dysplasia. This condition results in coxofemoral laxity due to incongruity and lack of stabilisation of the joint by the soft tissues. Currently, there is no therapeutic plan to correct hip dysplasia without surgical intervention at a very early age. The goal of the non-surgical treatment is to relieve pain and stiffness and to increase the muscle strength, usually through hydrotherapy and the beneficial physical properties of water. Recently, there has been growing interest in regenerative medicine, which involves the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their products to alleviate...

Isolation of aerobic bacteria from surgical site infections following orthopaedic operations in cats and dogs

A Gulaydin, O Gulaydin, MB Akgul

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(7):243-253 | DOI: 10.17221/26/2024-VETMED  

Surgical site infections (SSIs) cause significant complications in the postoperative period in veterinary surgeries. Determining the aetiology of infections is crucial for increasing treatment success rates. This study aims to assess treatment processes by identifying the bacterial agents responsible for infections occurring in cats and dogs after orthopaedic operations and to determine the antimicrobial resistance profiles of these agents. Strains isolated from SSIs were retrospectively analysed in patients brought to the Surgical Clinic of Siirt University Animal Health Application and Research Hospital between 2021 and 2023. The isolates were identified...

Melanocytic cutaneous lesions in Sus ibericus, are these a cause for meat condemnation?

J Castanho, J Catarino, L Pedroso, A Alvarado, S Ramos

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(7):254-259 | DOI: 10.17221/5/2024-VETMED  

The Alentejano pig (Sus ibericus) is an autochthonous breed of swine from Portugal phylogenetically close to the Iberian breed that is known to develop melanocytic lesions. In this study, 34 melanocytic skin lesions were identified and collected from Alentejano pigs slaughtered for human consumption for further routine histologic assessment. The samples were classified into 4 age ranges: 1 (1 to 6 months), 2 (7 to 12 months) 3 (13 to 24 months), and 4 (more than 25 months). All the lesions were considered benign after the histopathological assessment, of which 52.9% and 47.1%, were classified as melanosis and melanocytomas, respectively. Regarding...

Comprehensive comparative study of Chiari-like malformation in veterinary and human medicine

JH Jung, H Park, WS Kim, HY Yoon

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(7):217-233 | DOI: 10.17221/125/2023-VETMED  

This review aims to enrich our understanding of Chiari-like malformation (CLM) by combining human and veterinary insights, and providing a detailed cross-species overview. CLM is a developmental abnormality characterised by caudal displacement of the hindbrain into the foramen magnum due to an entire brain parenchymal shift caused by insufficient skull volume. This malformation leads to a progressive obstruction at the craniocervical junction, which disrupts the normal cerebrospinal fluid flow, leading to secondary syringomyelia. The clinical signs of CLM and syringomyelia include phantom scratching, head tilt, head tremor, ataxia, tetraparesis, pain,...

A novel quantitative real-time PCR with the GAPDH reference gene for peste des petits ruminants

Y Shi, D Han, J Li, L Ye, X Ji, F Nie, Z Song, C Chen, J Ai, J Xin

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(7):234-242 | DOI: 10.17221/123/2023-VETMED  

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a serious acute, highly contagious disease caused by the peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV). This study aims to establish a qRT-PCR assay with an internal amplification control for the rapid and accurate detection of PPRV. The primers and probes for PPRV N were based on the national standard of the diagnostic techniques for PPR of China, and a pair of primers and TaqMan probes for the internal reference gene of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was designed. Optimisation of the reaction conditions, specificity, sensitivity and reproducibility tests, and clinical sample detection...

Porcine model of a complicated skin and soft tissue infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

B Lipovy, L Vacek, D Polastik Kleknerova, E Jeklova, L Liskova, J Holoubek, D Matyskova, F Ruzicka

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(6):191-197 | DOI: 10.17221/25/2024-VETMED  

Pseudomonas aeruginosa poses a significant threat to both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals, often resulting in life-threatening infections. With increasing antimicrobial resistance, novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Although animal models are crucial for preclinical studies, limited data are available for porcine models, more specifically for P. aeruginosa complicated skin and soft tissue infections (cSSTIs). This study presents a novel porcine model inducing and sustaining cSSTI for 14 days. Six pigs (120 wounds) were used for the development of infections, and within this group, two pigs (40 wounds)...

Spontaneous tumours in dogs: A clinical and pathomorphological study in Kyrgyzstan

S Ishenbaeva, R Nurgaziev, U Tynaliev, U Shergaziev, A Irgashev

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(6):198-206 | DOI: 10.17221/16/2024-VETMED  

The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between the incidence of spontaneous tumours of various origins and the localisation in dogs with sex, breed, and age factors. A total of 360 tumours with various localisation were studied pathomorphologically. Histopathologic data sets from 360 dog tissue samples were processed and statistically examined. A chi-square test of independence was conducted to examine the relationships among the various levels of the specified variables. Logistic regression models were employed for dichotomous outcomes to ascertain the influence of certain explanatory variables on the tumour types. Characteristic...

Evaluation of the hoof’s temperature variations depending on lesion presence, measurement points and leg position

T Bobic, P Mijic, M Gregic, V Gantner

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(6):185-190 | DOI: 10.17221/8/2024-VETMED  

In order to determine the possibility of using infrared thermography (IRT) in preventing lameness in dairy cows, the aim of this study was to evaluate temperature variations depending on the lesion presence, measurement points and leg position. The study used about 3 000 IRT records from 60 Holstein cows housed in a free-stall barn. Surface temperature measurements were taken at two regions of the hooves: the region of the coronary band, and the region of the skin up to 2 cm above the coronary band. A highly significant (P = 0.004; 0.006, P < 0.01) difference in temperature was observed between healthy and diseased legs at both measurement...

A natural approach to combating antibiotic-resistant pathogens in livestock: Hibiscus sabdariffa-derived hibiscus acid as a promising solution

E Rangel-Vargas, CA Gomez-Aldapa, RN Falfan-Cortes, FA Guzman-Ortiz, JC Rosas

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(6):207-216 | DOI: 10.17221/105/2023-VETMED  

We examined the antibacterial efficacy of streptomycin, hibiscus acid, and their combination against multidrug-resistant Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and Salmonella Typhimurium in mice. We determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) for streptomycin, hibiscus acid, and their combination against STEC and Salmonella. Fifteen sets of six mice in each set were utilised: six groups were orally exposed to 4 log₁₀ colony forming units (CFUs) of S. Typhimurium and another six to STEC, and three acted as the controls. Six hours post-inoculation,...

Non-invasive methods for analysing pig welfare biomarkers

M Svoboda, M Nemeckova, D Medkova, L Sardi, N Hodkovicova

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(5):137-155 | DOI: 10.17221/17/2024-VETMED  

At present, the assessment of pig welfare quality has gained significant importance, prompting the exploration of novel biomarkers for this purpose. Traditionally, these biomarkers have been monitored in the blood; however, blood sampling is considered an invasive procedure. Currently, non-invasive methods for collecting samples are emerging as viable alternatives for assessing these biomarkers. This article aims to present the current knowledge regarding the use of non-invasive methods for analysing pig welfare biomarkers, specifically focusing on the saliva, hair, faeces, and urine as matrices to determine these biomarkers. The saliva analysis encompasses...

Feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia in two cats: Serial ultrasonographic and computed tomography findings

D Noh, H Jo, H Shin, SW Lee, S Choi, K Lee

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(5):177-183 | DOI: 10.17221/2/2024-VETMED  

A 6-month-old Ragdoll and 9-year-old Russian Blue cat presented with vomiting. Ultrasonography and computed tomography showed a pyloric antrum mass with wall layering loss and regional lymphadenopathy in the Ragdoll kitten. The Russian Blue cat only presented with muscularis layer thickening throughout the jejunum; however, despite medications, it later progressed to a mass with wall layering loss on the serial ultrasound. Both cats underwent surgery, and feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia (FGESF) was histologically confirmed. FGESF should be considered for gastrointestinal masses demonstrating wall layering loss and...

Limosilactobacillus reuteri L26 Biocenol^TM and its exopolysaccharide: Their influence on rotavirus-induced immune molecules in enterocyte-like cells

P Schusterova, D Mudronová, K Loziakova Penazziova, V Hajducková, T Csank

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(5):169-176 | DOI: 10.17221/106/2023-VETMED  

This study aimed to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of the probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri L26 Biocenol^TM (L26) and its purified exopolysaccharide (EPS) with respect to antiviral innate immune response. In our experiment, we used porcine epithelial IPEC-J2 cells as a model of the intestinal barrier in a homologous infection by porcine Rotavirus A strain OSU6 (RVA). The production of selected molecules of non-specific humoral immunity was evaluated at the mRNA level. The EPS alone significantly increased the level of interferon λ3 (IFN-λ3) mRNA in the non-infected IPEC-J2 cells (P < 0.001)....

Transitional, fused and/or supernumerary vertebrae in the lumbosacrocaudal region of the spine – A reality in many domestic mammals

C Toader Covasa

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(5):156-168 | DOI: 10.17221/102/2023-VETMED  

The aim of this study was to identify the presence of transitional lumbosacral and sacrocaudal vertebrae in domestic mammals, to realise a comparative analysis of the localisation and conformation of this abnormal condition. The research included the following species: cattle – 29 specimens, sheep – 32 specimens, horse – 31 specimens, pig – 26 specimens, rabbit – 33 specimens, dog – 89 specimens and cat – 57 specimens. The spine of the animals was analysed post-mortem or radiologically. The investigations revealed the presence of transitional vertebrae as follows: in cattle – 3 cases (8.7%), all being...

Mammary neoplasms in female dogs: Clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects

JR Rueda, CD Porto, RP Franco, IB da Costa, LMC Bueno, RJS Girio, FFR Manhoso, PCS Bueno, CSF Repetti

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(4):99-114 | DOI: 10.17221/4/2024-VETMED  

With the increase in the life expectancy of domestic animals and their increasingly affectionate relationship with their owners, it is possible to observe an increase in cases of neoplasms in these animals. Mammary neoplasia mainly affects older females who have not been castrated, due to hormonal dependence for the development of the tumour. The main form of treatment is surgery. This study aims to carry out an updated review on mammary neoplasms in female dogs covering the anatomy, physiology, prevalence, causes, diagnoses, treatments, prevention and prognosis, based on scientific articles by renowned researchers.

Repeated bolus injections of bupivacaine for continuous bilateral transversus thoracis plane block undergoing median sternotomy in a dog: A case report

D Kim, D Shin, S Yun, G An, J Jung, WG Son

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(4):123-129 | DOI: 10.17221/118/2023-VETMED  

An 8-year-old, 6.5 kg, neutered female Shih-Tzu dog was presented for surgical resection of a mediastinal mass. A median sternotomy and left cranial lung lobectomy were performed. Intraoperatively, with the patient under general anaesthesia, a bilateral transversus thoracis plane (TTP) block was performed by injecting 0.5% bupivacaine (0.2 ml/kg) per side using real-time ultrasound guidance. After surgery, indwelling catheters for repeated bolus injections of bupivacaine in TTP were placed as follows: the fifth sternebra was palpated in dorsal recumbency, and the transducer was placed in the longitudinal plane lateral to the sternal border. A 16 gauge...

Antibacterial effect of curcumin on Salmonella Typhimurium: In vitro and food model studies

G Terzi Gulel, S Kanat, E Kucukgoz

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(4):115-122 | DOI: 10.17221/114/2023-VETMED  

Salmonellosis is a major foodborne disease transmitted from contaminated poultry products worldwide. Although a wide variety of chemical agents are used in the prevention of foodborne Salmonella spp. infections, consumers prefer natural additives, that do not harm human health and do not impair the characteristics of food. Curcumin is a yellow-coloured, hydrophobic polyphenol obtained from the rhizome of the Curcuma longa L. plant known as turmeric. The purpose of this study was to evaluate curcumin’s antibacterial activity against S. Typhimurium in chicken meat and in vitro. In the first step, chicken samples...

Myxofibrosarcoma of the penis in an African pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) – A clinical case

L Kasalova, H Cernochova, R Dvorakova, A Angelova, Z Knotek

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(4):130-135 | DOI: 10.17221/107/2023-VETMED  

A 3-year-old, 420 g, intact male African pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) was presented with a sudden appearance of a mass protruding from its preputium. A detailed physical examination revealed the presence of a polyp-like mass, connected to the mucous membrane of the penis and a second, multilobular mass with a larger base. Both masses were surgically removed. While the histopathological examination of the polyp-like mass revealed only a chronic active inflammatory reaction, the histopathological examination of the multilobular mass revealed a tumorous tissue composed of spindle-shaped cells, irregularly oval or polygonal in some...

Assessment of deltamethrin-induced DNA damage, neurotoxic and neuroimmune effects in the brain tissue of brown trout (Salmo trutta fario)

T Karatas, M Cakir

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(3):77-83 | DOI: 10.17221/115/2023-VETMED  

This study investigated the impact of deltamethrin (DM) toxicity on brown trout (Salmo trutta fario), examining its effects on the immune system, including the white blood cell (WBC), lymphocyte (Lym), total immunoglobulin (T. Ig), and lysozyme levels, as well as its neurotoxic consequences on the brain tissue. The neurotoxic effects encompassed oxidative stress, the activity of the antioxidant enzymes, such as the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and DNA damage using 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). The DM exposure led to elevated levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), and 8-OHdG, while...

Effect of vitamin D₃ and a stinging nettle extract on the gastric tissue of rats administered with trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid

A Gezer, S Yediel Aras, N Kilic Baygutalp, E Karadag Sari, G Bedir, B Mokhtare, K Yilmaz

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(3):84-93 | DOI: 10.17221/111/2023-VETMED  

In this study, the effects of vitamin D₃ (Vit. D) and a stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L. (UD)) extract were examined using histopathological and immunohistochemical methods in the stomach tissues of an experimentally created rat model of CD. The CD model was created using trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). The animals in the study were divided into control, TNBS, TNBS+Vit. D, and TNBS+UD groups. At the end of the experiment, the animals were euthanised and their stomach tissues were evaluated for necrosis, degeneration, apoptosis, and inflammation. Additionally, an immunohistochemical method was applied to determine the somatostatin...

Canine multiple primary tumours: Mammary tubular carcinoma, uterine leiomyosarcoma, and facial sebaceous epithelioma

Kim SH, Baek YB, SI Park

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(3):94-98 | DOI: 10.17221/103/2023-VETMED  

Multiple primary malignant tumours (MPMTs) are multiple neoplasms with independent pathogenetic origins, placing great importance on the tumorigenesis and clinical treatment. However, due to the rare occurrence and diagnostic confusion, MPMTs have rarely been investigated in veterinary medicine. In this report, a 10-year-old intact female Maltese dog had MPMTs, consisting of two malignant tumours and one benign tumour each derived from a topographically different site: tubular carcinoma in the mammary glands, leiomyosarcoma in the uterus and sebaceous epithelioma in the cheek. The unique combination of MPMTs would be the first case in veterinary...

Risk analysis and seroprevalence of bovine ephemeral fever virus in Punjab, Pakistan

S Nadeem, R Aslam, S Rahman, M Kasib Khan

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(3):67-76 | DOI: 10.17221/95/2023-VETMED  

Bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) is a vector-borne viral disease caused by the RNA virus which belongs to the genus Ephemerovirus and the family Rhabdoviridae. To evaluate the effect of the risk factors like the breed of cattle and buffaloes, age, sex, lactation, housing and region on the bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) prevalence, ELISA and virus neutralisation (VN) tests (n = 600) were performed for the BEFV prevalence. The seroprevalence in cattle was 45.6% and 42% by ELISA and VN, respectively (P = 0.001). The breed-wise seropositive ratio was (55–64%) in cattle and (22.5–18.3%) in buffaloes by VN and ELISA....

Pharmacokinetics of praziquantel and its metabolites in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) following the oral administration of a single bolus

R Dobsikova, J Blahova, P Marsalek, V Doubkova, E Zuskova, J Velisek

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(2):52-60 | DOI: 10.17221/109/2023-VETMED  

The study aimed to evaluate and compare the routes and rates of the depletion of the antiparasitic praziquantel (PZQ), a derivative of pyrazinoisoquinoline, following its oral administration in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). We focused on the depletion of PZQ and its major metabolites – cis-hydroxy praziquantel (CPZQ) and trans-hydroxy praziquantel (TPZQ), in water, the plasma, hepatopancreas, kidney, muscle, and skin, following a single oral administration of PZQ in a concentration of 50 mg/kg. Fish were sampled before the drug administration and then eight times in the course of the 30-day-long experiment. Our results...

Concurrent primary splenic lymphoma and mammary gland tumour with polycystic ovaries in a dog

SH Kim, YB Baek, SI Park

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(2):61-66 | DOI: 10.17221/99/2023-VETMED  

Here, we report a rare case of concurrent primary splenic lymphoma and mammary gland tumour (MGT) with polycystic ovaries in a 10-year-old, intact female Jindo dog. The dog was presented with multiple masses in the fourth left mammary gland, the largest of which measured 6 cm in diameter, along with enlargement of the left inguinal lymph node on physical examination. Ultrasonography, radiography, and computed tomography scans revealed polycystic ovaries and a mass in the tail of the spleen, after total splenectomy and mastectomy with ovariohysterectomy, histopathological examination identified splenic diffuse large B cell lymphoma and malignant myoepithelioma...

Identification of antibiotic resistance genes in Escherichia coli from subclinical mastitis milk in dairy cows and goats, East Java Province

DC Widianingrum, DG Silaban, WID Fanata, H Khasanah

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(2):35-41 | DOI: 10.17221/80/2023-VETMED  

Antibiotics are still used to treat mastitis in dairy cows in Indonesia. This study aimed to analyse antibiotic resistance genes in Escherichia coli (E. coli) from subclinical mastitis milk in East Java Province, Indonesia. The samples consisted of subclinical mastitis milk from cows and goats. A total of 592-quarter cow’s milk and 71 goat’s milk samples from both halves of the udder were collected from 67 farms in Lumajang, Banyuwangi, Malang, Sidoarjo, Jember, Pasuruan, Probolinggo, and Mojokerto. Subclinical mastitis samples were screened using the California mastitis test (CMT). E. coli was identified by phenotypic...

Evaluating the indicators of a heart rate variability analysis in dogs using Poincaré plots

T Kimura, S Shimamura, H Sakaya, T Hayashi, A Umemoto, K Sakai, M Yamasaki, T Hasegawa, T Shimada

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(2):42-51 | DOI: 10.17221/49/2023-VETMED  

Heart rate variability analyses using Poincaré plots can be useful for evaluating the autonomic nervous system function. However, the interpretation of the quantitative indicators of Poincaré plots remains controversial. Thus, few studies have verified the effectiveness of the quantitative indicators in veterinary medicine. This study aimed to verify the reliability of Poincaré plot indicators using pharmacological models in dogs. Four healthy beagles were used in this study. Each dog was treated with propranolol, atropine, and propranolol–atropine to block the sympathetic, parasympathetic, and sympathetic–parasympathetic functions, respectively....

List of volume 68 reviewers

Editorial Department

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(1):I-II  

Accidental salinomycin intoxication in European fallow deer (Dama dama L.)

M Svoboda, O Huml, P Chomat, A Honzlova, J Illek, Z Svobodova, L Hofmannova, H Modra

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(1):18-29 | DOI: 10.17221/100/2023-VETMED  

Salinomycin, belonging to ionophore antibiotics, has been used as a feed additive for poultry for its coccidiostatic effect. Poisoning by ionophore antibiotics has been reported in cattle and other sensitive animals due to the replacement of medicated feed and/or accidental overdoses. The aim of this paper is to report the toxicity of salinomycin for fallow deer and to describe the different levels of sensitivity of cervids to this substance. In the presented case study, a medicated feed containing ivermectin used for deworming red deer and fallow deer was accidentally contaminated with sodium salinomycinate in a concentration of 252.6 mg/kg....

In-feed Praziquantel treatment of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) infected with eye flukes

E Zuskova, J Velisek

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(1):1-7 | DOI: 10.17221/97/2023-VETMED  

Praziquantel (PZQ) is a drug effective against several parasitic diseases of fish caused by Platyhelminthes. The study assesses the efficacy of selected in-feed PZQ doses in eliminating metacercariae Diplostomum pseudospathaceum in grass carp. The fish were infected with D. pseudospathaceum in laboratory conditions and subsequently treated with PZQ at daily doses of 30 (PZQ1), 50 (PZQ2), and 100 (PZQ3) mg/kg bw for seven days. The treatment trial was followed by a 23-day observation period during which the fish were parasitologically examined on days 0, 2, 8 and 23. Smaller fish were infected with a significantly higher (P < 0.05)...

The effects of Pycnogenol, a pine bark extract on pulmonary inflammation by Asian sand dust in mice

SW Pak, SJ Lee, Kim WI, YG Yang, YK Cho, JS Kim, TW Kim, JW Ko, JC Kim, SH Kim, IS Shin

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(1):8-17 | DOI: 10.17221/77/2023-VETMED  

Erratum in: Vet Med-Czech. 2024 Nov 29;69(11):401. doi: 10.17221/97/2024-VETMEDAsian sand dust (ASD), also called China dust or yellow dust, mainly occurs in East Asia during spring and autumn. Because ASD enters the body mainly through the respiratory system, it can cause respiratory disorders or worsen underlying diseases. Because of this, it has become an important health concern that threatens the well-being of humans and animals. In this study, we investigated the effects of 15 and 30 mg/kg of Pycnogenol (PYC15 and 30 groups), a pine bark extract, on ASD-induced pulmonary inflammation in mice. We evaluated the inflammatory cell...