Veterinární medicína - Latest articles

Evaluation of the hoof’s temperature variations depending on lesion presence, measurement points and leg position

T Bobic, P Mijic, M Gregic, V Gantner

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(6):185-190 | DOI: 10.17221/8/2024-VETMED  

In order to determine the possibility of using infrared thermography (IRT) in preventing lameness in dairy cows, the aim of this study was to evaluate temperature variations depending on the lesion presence, measurement points and leg position. The study used about 3 000 IRT records from 60 Holstein cows housed in a free-stall barn. Surface temperature measurements were taken at two regions of the hooves: the region of the coronary band, and the region of the skin up to 2 cm above the coronary band. A highly significant (P = 0.004; 0.006, P < 0.01) difference in temperature was observed between healthy and diseased legs at both measurement...

A natural approach to combating antibiotic-resistant pathogens in livestock: Hibiscus sabdariffa-derived hibiscus acid as a promising solution

E Rangel-Vargas, CA Gomez-Aldapa, RN Falfan-Cortes, FA Guzman-Ortiz, JC Rosas

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(6):207-216 | DOI: 10.17221/105/2023-VETMED  

We examined the antibacterial efficacy of streptomycin, hibiscus acid, and their combination against multidrug-resistant Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and Salmonella Typhimurium in mice. We determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) for streptomycin, hibiscus acid, and their combination against STEC and Salmonella. Fifteen sets of six mice in each set were utilised: six groups were orally exposed to 4 log₁₀ colony forming units (CFUs) of S. Typhimurium and another six to STEC, and three acted as the controls. Six hours post-inoculation,...

Non-invasive methods for analysing pig welfare biomarkers

M Svoboda, M Nemeckova, D Medkova, L Sardi, N Hodkovicova

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(5):137-155 | DOI: 10.17221/17/2024-VETMED  

At present, the assessment of pig welfare quality has gained significant importance, prompting the exploration of novel biomarkers for this purpose. Traditionally, these biomarkers have been monitored in the blood; however, blood sampling is considered an invasive procedure. Currently, non-invasive methods for collecting samples are emerging as viable alternatives for assessing these biomarkers. This article aims to present the current knowledge regarding the use of non-invasive methods for analysing pig welfare biomarkers, specifically focusing on the saliva, hair, faeces, and urine as matrices to determine these biomarkers. The saliva analysis encompasses...

Feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia in two cats: Serial ultrasonographic and computed tomography findings

D Noh, H Jo, H Shin, SW Lee, S Choi, K Lee

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(5):177-183 | DOI: 10.17221/2/2024-VETMED  

A 6-month-old Ragdoll and 9-year-old Russian Blue cat presented with vomiting. Ultrasonography and computed tomography showed a pyloric antrum mass with wall layering loss and regional lymphadenopathy in the Ragdoll kitten. The Russian Blue cat only presented with muscularis layer thickening throughout the jejunum; however, despite medications, it later progressed to a mass with wall layering loss on the serial ultrasound. Both cats underwent surgery, and feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia (FGESF) was histologically confirmed. FGESF should be considered for gastrointestinal masses demonstrating wall layering loss and...

Limosilactobacillus reuteri L26 Biocenol^TM and its exopolysaccharide: Their influence on rotavirus-induced immune molecules in enterocyte-like cells

P Schusterova, D Mudronová, K Loziakova Penazziova, V Hajducková, T Csank

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(5):169-176 | DOI: 10.17221/106/2023-VETMED  

This study aimed to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of the probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri L26 Biocenol^TM (L26) and its purified exopolysaccharide (EPS) with respect to antiviral innate immune response. In our experiment, we used porcine epithelial IPEC-J2 cells as a model of the intestinal barrier in a homologous infection by porcine Rotavirus A strain OSU6 (RVA). The production of selected molecules of non-specific humoral immunity was evaluated at the mRNA level. The EPS alone significantly increased the level of interferon λ3 (IFN-λ3) mRNA in the non-infected IPEC-J2 cells (P < 0.001)....

Transitional, fused and/or supernumerary vertebrae in the lumbosacrocaudal region of the spine – A reality in many domestic mammals

C Toader Covasa

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(5):156-168 | DOI: 10.17221/102/2023-VETMED  

The aim of this study was to identify the presence of transitional lumbosacral and sacrocaudal vertebrae in domestic mammals, to realise a comparative analysis of the localisation and conformation of this abnormal condition. The research included the following species: cattle – 29 specimens, sheep – 32 specimens, horse – 31 specimens, pig – 26 specimens, rabbit – 33 specimens, dog – 89 specimens and cat – 57 specimens. The spine of the animals was analysed post-mortem or radiologically. The investigations revealed the presence of transitional vertebrae as follows: in cattle – 3 cases (8.7%), all being...

Mammary neoplasms in female dogs: Clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects

JR Rueda, CD Porto, RP Franco, IB da Costa, LMC Bueno, RJS Girio, FFR Manhoso, PCS Bueno, CSF Repetti

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(4):99-114 | DOI: 10.17221/4/2024-VETMED  

With the increase in the life expectancy of domestic animals and their increasingly affectionate relationship with their owners, it is possible to observe an increase in cases of neoplasms in these animals. Mammary neoplasia mainly affects older females who have not been castrated, due to hormonal dependence for the development of the tumour. The main form of treatment is surgery. This study aims to carry out an updated review on mammary neoplasms in female dogs covering the anatomy, physiology, prevalence, causes, diagnoses, treatments, prevention and prognosis, based on scientific articles by renowned researchers.

Repeated bolus injections of bupivacaine for continuous bilateral transversus thoracis plane block undergoing median sternotomy in a dog: A case report

D Kim, D Shin, S Yun, G An, J Jung, WG Son

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(4):123-129 | DOI: 10.17221/118/2023-VETMED  

An 8-year-old, 6.5 kg, neutered female Shih-Tzu dog was presented for surgical resection of a mediastinal mass. A median sternotomy and left cranial lung lobectomy were performed. Intraoperatively, with the patient under general anaesthesia, a bilateral transversus thoracis plane (TTP) block was performed by injecting 0.5% bupivacaine (0.2 ml/kg) per side using real-time ultrasound guidance. After surgery, indwelling catheters for repeated bolus injections of bupivacaine in TTP were placed as follows: the fifth sternebra was palpated in dorsal recumbency, and the transducer was placed in the longitudinal plane lateral to the sternal border. A 16 gauge...

Antibacterial effect of curcumin on Salmonella Typhimurium: In vitro and food model studies

G Terzi Gulel, S Kanat, E Kucukgoz

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(4):115-122 | DOI: 10.17221/114/2023-VETMED  

Salmonellosis is a major foodborne disease transmitted from contaminated poultry products worldwide. Although a wide variety of chemical agents are used in the prevention of foodborne Salmonella spp. infections, consumers prefer natural additives, that do not harm human health and do not impair the characteristics of food. Curcumin is a yellow-coloured, hydrophobic polyphenol obtained from the rhizome of the Curcuma longa L. plant known as turmeric. The purpose of this study was to evaluate curcumin’s antibacterial activity against S. Typhimurium in chicken meat and in vitro. In the first step, chicken samples...

Myxofibrosarcoma of the penis in an African pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) – A clinical case

L Kasalova, H Cernochova, R Dvorakova, A Angelova, Z Knotek

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(4):130-135 | DOI: 10.17221/107/2023-VETMED  

A 3-year-old, 420 g, intact male African pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) was presented with a sudden appearance of a mass protruding from its preputium. A detailed physical examination revealed the presence of a polyp-like mass, connected to the mucous membrane of the penis and a second, multilobular mass with a larger base. Both masses were surgically removed. While the histopathological examination of the polyp-like mass revealed only a chronic active inflammatory reaction, the histopathological examination of the multilobular mass revealed a tumorous tissue composed of spindle-shaped cells, irregularly oval or polygonal in some...

Assessment of deltamethrin-induced DNA damage, neurotoxic and neuroimmune effects in the brain tissue of brown trout (Salmo trutta fario)

T Karatas, M Cakir

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(3):77-83 | DOI: 10.17221/115/2023-VETMED  

This study investigated the impact of deltamethrin (DM) toxicity on brown trout (Salmo trutta fario), examining its effects on the immune system, including the white blood cell (WBC), lymphocyte (Lym), total immunoglobulin (T. Ig), and lysozyme levels, as well as its neurotoxic consequences on the brain tissue. The neurotoxic effects encompassed oxidative stress, the activity of the antioxidant enzymes, such as the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and DNA damage using 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). The DM exposure led to elevated levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), and 8-OHdG, while...

Effect of vitamin D₃ and a stinging nettle extract on the gastric tissue of rats administered with trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid

A Gezer, S Yediel Aras, N Kilic Baygutalp, E Karadag Sari, G Bedir, B Mokhtare, K Yilmaz

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(3):84-93 | DOI: 10.17221/111/2023-VETMED  

In this study, the effects of vitamin D₃ (Vit. D) and a stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L. (UD)) extract were examined using histopathological and immunohistochemical methods in the stomach tissues of an experimentally created rat model of CD. The CD model was created using trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). The animals in the study were divided into control, TNBS, TNBS+Vit. D, and TNBS+UD groups. At the end of the experiment, the animals were euthanised and their stomach tissues were evaluated for necrosis, degeneration, apoptosis, and inflammation. Additionally, an immunohistochemical method was applied to determine the somatostatin...

Canine multiple primary tumours: Mammary tubular carcinoma, uterine leiomyosarcoma, and facial sebaceous epithelioma

Kim SH, Baek YB, SI Park

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(3):94-98 | DOI: 10.17221/103/2023-VETMED  

Multiple primary malignant tumours (MPMTs) are multiple neoplasms with independent pathogenetic origins, placing great importance on the tumorigenesis and clinical treatment. However, due to the rare occurrence and diagnostic confusion, MPMTs have rarely been investigated in veterinary medicine. In this report, a 10-year-old intact female Maltese dog had MPMTs, consisting of two malignant tumours and one benign tumour each derived from a topographically different site: tubular carcinoma in the mammary glands, leiomyosarcoma in the uterus and sebaceous epithelioma in the cheek. The unique combination of MPMTs would be the first case in veterinary...

Risk analysis and seroprevalence of bovine ephemeral fever virus in Punjab, Pakistan

S Nadeem, R Aslam, S Rahman, M Kasib Khan

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(3):67-76 | DOI: 10.17221/95/2023-VETMED  

Bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) is a vector-borne viral disease caused by the RNA virus which belongs to the genus Ephemerovirus and the family Rhabdoviridae. To evaluate the effect of the risk factors like the breed of cattle and buffaloes, age, sex, lactation, housing and region on the bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) prevalence, ELISA and virus neutralisation (VN) tests (n = 600) were performed for the BEFV prevalence. The seroprevalence in cattle was 45.6% and 42% by ELISA and VN, respectively (P = 0.001). The breed-wise seropositive ratio was (55–64%) in cattle and (22.5–18.3%) in buffaloes by VN and ELISA....

Pharmacokinetics of praziquantel and its metabolites in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) following the oral administration of a single bolus

R Dobsikova, J Blahova, P Marsalek, V Doubkova, E Zuskova, J Velisek

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(2):52-60 | DOI: 10.17221/109/2023-VETMED  

The study aimed to evaluate and compare the routes and rates of the depletion of the antiparasitic praziquantel (PZQ), a derivative of pyrazinoisoquinoline, following its oral administration in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). We focused on the depletion of PZQ and its major metabolites – cis-hydroxy praziquantel (CPZQ) and trans-hydroxy praziquantel (TPZQ), in water, the plasma, hepatopancreas, kidney, muscle, and skin, following a single oral administration of PZQ in a concentration of 50 mg/kg. Fish were sampled before the drug administration and then eight times in the course of the 30-day-long experiment. Our results...

Concurrent primary splenic lymphoma and mammary gland tumour with polycystic ovaries in a dog

SH Kim, YB Baek, SI Park

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(2):61-66 | DOI: 10.17221/99/2023-VETMED  

Here, we report a rare case of concurrent primary splenic lymphoma and mammary gland tumour (MGT) with polycystic ovaries in a 10-year-old, intact female Jindo dog. The dog was presented with multiple masses in the fourth left mammary gland, the largest of which measured 6 cm in diameter, along with enlargement of the left inguinal lymph node on physical examination. Ultrasonography, radiography, and computed tomography scans revealed polycystic ovaries and a mass in the tail of the spleen, after total splenectomy and mastectomy with ovariohysterectomy, histopathological examination identified splenic diffuse large B cell lymphoma and malignant myoepithelioma...

Identification of antibiotic resistance genes in Escherichia coli from subclinical mastitis milk in dairy cows and goats, East Java Province

DC Widianingrum, DG Silaban, WID Fanata, H Khasanah

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(2):35-41 | DOI: 10.17221/80/2023-VETMED  

Antibiotics are still used to treat mastitis in dairy cows in Indonesia. This study aimed to analyse antibiotic resistance genes in Escherichia coli (E. coli) from subclinical mastitis milk in East Java Province, Indonesia. The samples consisted of subclinical mastitis milk from cows and goats. A total of 592-quarter cow’s milk and 71 goat’s milk samples from both halves of the udder were collected from 67 farms in Lumajang, Banyuwangi, Malang, Sidoarjo, Jember, Pasuruan, Probolinggo, and Mojokerto. Subclinical mastitis samples were screened using the California mastitis test (CMT). E. coli was identified by phenotypic...

Evaluating the indicators of a heart rate variability analysis in dogs using Poincaré plots

T Kimura, S Shimamura, H Sakaya, T Hayashi, A Umemoto, K Sakai, M Yamasaki, T Hasegawa, T Shimada

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(2):42-51 | DOI: 10.17221/49/2023-VETMED  

Heart rate variability analyses using Poincaré plots can be useful for evaluating the autonomic nervous system function. However, the interpretation of the quantitative indicators of Poincaré plots remains controversial. Thus, few studies have verified the effectiveness of the quantitative indicators in veterinary medicine. This study aimed to verify the reliability of Poincaré plot indicators using pharmacological models in dogs. Four healthy beagles were used in this study. Each dog was treated with propranolol, atropine, and propranolol–atropine to block the sympathetic, parasympathetic, and sympathetic–parasympathetic functions, respectively....

List of volume 68 reviewers

Editorial Department

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(1):I-II  

Accidental salinomycin intoxication in European fallow deer (Dama dama L.)

M Svoboda, O Huml, P Chomat, A Honzlova, J Illek, Z Svobodova, L Hofmannova, H Modra

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(1):18-29 | DOI: 10.17221/100/2023-VETMED  

Salinomycin, belonging to ionophore antibiotics, has been used as a feed additive for poultry for its coccidiostatic effect. Poisoning by ionophore antibiotics has been reported in cattle and other sensitive animals due to the replacement of medicated feed and/or accidental overdoses. The aim of this paper is to report the toxicity of salinomycin for fallow deer and to describe the different levels of sensitivity of cervids to this substance. In the presented case study, a medicated feed containing ivermectin used for deworming red deer and fallow deer was accidentally contaminated with sodium salinomycinate in a concentration of 252.6 mg/kg....

In-feed Praziquantel treatment of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) infected with eye flukes

E Zuskova, J Velisek

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(1):1-7 | DOI: 10.17221/97/2023-VETMED  

Praziquantel (PZQ) is a drug effective against several parasitic diseases of fish caused by Platyhelminthes. The study assesses the efficacy of selected in-feed PZQ doses in eliminating metacercariae Diplostomum pseudospathaceum in grass carp. The fish were infected with D. pseudospathaceum in laboratory conditions and subsequently treated with PZQ at daily doses of 30 (PZQ1), 50 (PZQ2), and 100 (PZQ3) mg/kg bw for seven days. The treatment trial was followed by a 23-day observation period during which the fish were parasitologically examined on days 0, 2, 8 and 23. Smaller fish were infected with a significantly higher (P < 0.05)...

The effects of Pycnogenol, a pine bark extract on pulmonary inflammation by Asian sand dust in mice

SW Pak, SJ Lee, Kim WI, YG Yang, YK Cho, JS Kim, TW Kim, JW Ko, JC Kim, SH Kim, IS Shin

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(1):8-17 | DOI: 10.17221/77/2023-VETMED  

Erratum in: Vet Med-Czech. 2024 Nov 29;69(11):401. doi: 10.17221/97/2024-VETMEDAsian sand dust (ASD), also called China dust or yellow dust, mainly occurs in East Asia during spring and autumn. Because ASD enters the body mainly through the respiratory system, it can cause respiratory disorders or worsen underlying diseases. Because of this, it has become an important health concern that threatens the well-being of humans and animals. In this study, we investigated the effects of 15 and 30 mg/kg of Pycnogenol (PYC15 and 30 groups), a pine bark extract, on ASD-induced pulmonary inflammation in mice. We evaluated the inflammatory cell...

Double-wire woven nitinol stent for treating dogs with refractory tracheal collapse: A case series

JY Choi, Kim MY, HY Yoon

Vet Med - Czech, 2024, 69(1):30-34 | DOI: 10.17221/61/2023-VETMED  

This retrospective case series describes the signalments, clinical signs, diagnostic test results, and postoperative complications obtained from the medical records of 10 client-owned dogs that underwent treatment for grade IV tracheal collapse using double-wire woven nitinol stents between October 2017 and September 2021. Respiratory signs resolved in all dogs immediately after tracheal stent placement. Mild to moderate stent fractures were identified in five dogs, of which two showed concurrent respiratory distress necessitating re-stenting after several months. Minor complications, such as stent migration, were absent. The double-wire woven...

Canine oral melanoma with suspected pulmonary metastasis: Combination of immunotherapy and tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment

KR Kim, DH Kim, MJ Jung, DM Sihn, SW Jeong, JH Kim

Vet Med - Czech, 2023, 68(12):477-482 | DOI: 10.17221/90/2023-VETMED  

This case report follows a 10-year-old castrated male Miniature Schnauzer dog presented with a history of incomplete surgical resection of an oral malignant melanoma (amelanotic type) on the right mandible. Melanoma vaccine therapy was administered due to incomplete surgical resection, however, new masses were detected on the contralateral mandible and suspected pulmonary metastasis occurred at 2 weeks and 7 months, respectively, following the first melanoma vaccination. At the time of detecting the pulmonary metastasis, targeted chemotherapy was initiated with the owner’s consent using imatinib (10 mg/kg/day, p.o.), a tyrosine kinase inhibitor...

Tremorgenic mycotoxin poisoning in a dog: A case report

T Novotna, B Sitarova, Z Hoskova, V Vaibarova, Z Dzuman, J Hajslova, V Skupien, Z Svobodova

Vet Med - Czech, 2023, 68(12):483-489 | DOI: 10.17221/82/2023-VETMED  

An eleven-year-old Pit Bull Terrier was presented to the veterinary practice with an acute onset of whole-body seizures. The clinical signs developed in a garden where the dog was kept that morning. There was a suspicion of tremorgenic mycotoxin poisoning by compost as the dog had vomited parts of compost right before the onset of the seizures and there was a pile of compost located in the garden. The dog underwent immediate decontamination following supportive treatment and recovered fully within 24 h of intensive care. The samples of the vomit and parts of the compost were cultivated. In the sample of the vomit, Penicillium sp. was...

Ribavirin inhibits peste des petits ruminants virus proliferation in vitro

W Zhang, H Deng, Y Liu, S Chen, Y Liu, Y Zhao

Vet Med - Czech, 2023, 68(12):464-476 | DOI: 10.17221/56/2023-VETMED  

Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV), a member of the family Paramyxoviridae, belongs to the genus Morbillivirus. It causes devastating viral diseases in small ruminants and has been rapidly spreading over various regions in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. Although vaccination is thought to be an effective management strategy against PPR infections, the heat sensitivity of PPRV vaccines severely restricts their use in regions with hot climates. In this research, we studied the antiviral activities of ribavirin and aimed to understand the potential mechanisms of action of ribavirin in the African green monkey kidney cells (Vero cells). In brief,...

An update about beneficial effects of medicinal plants in aquaculture: A review

F Dadras, J Velisek, E Zuskova

Vet Med - Czech, 2023, 68(12):449-463 | DOI: 10.17221/96/2023-VETMED  

Aquaculture is an essential and growing component of agricultural and global ecosystems worldwide. Aquaculture provides more than 25% of the total aquatic food consumption by humans. The development of the aquaculture industry should be followed in successive industrial years, and therefore it is necessary to pay attention to the management and type of farming system that is compatible with the environment. The use of antibiotics for disease control has been criticised for their negative effects, including the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, the suppression of the immune system and the environment, and the accumulation of residue in aquatic...

Gallbladder atrophy associated with pancreatitis: Clinical and advanced imaging diagnosis in a dog

D Han, DI Jung

Vet Med - Czech, 2023, 68(11):435-442 | DOI: 10.17221/76/2023-VETMED  

Gallbladder atrophy (GBA) is characterised by a reduction in the size and volume of the gallbladder. In human medicine, it is well-established that GBA frequently occurs together with pathologies affecting the gallbladder and pancreas. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is currently a dearth of reported cases of GBA in dogs within the veterinary field. In this study, we present a case report of GBA in a 7-year-old Yorkshire Terrier. The diagnosis of GBA was confirmed using abdominal ultrasonography and advanced imaging techniques, including computed tomography, which were performed over a 4-year period. The patient initially presented with...

Updating of epidemiological and pathological features of Marek’s disease in laying hens and broilers

M Zeghdoudi, M Latifa, M Seloua, S Rima, T Mardja, L Aoun

Vet Med - Czech, 2023, 68(11):443-448 | DOI: 10.17221/75/2023-VETMED  

Marek’s disease (MD) is a huge problem for researchers due to the significant losses in bird flocks, but more importantly, the virus’s mutagenic potential. The purpose of this study was to describe non-classical gross lesions observed in broilers and laying hens that suggest the disease emergence and re-emergence. The survey was conducted on 10 broiler and 4 laying hen flocks. All of the dead birds were necropsied in order to obtain a comprehensive diagnosis of lesions, analysing both macroscopic and microscopic alterations. Marek’s disease occurred in 80% of cases in broilers and 100% of cases in layer hens. The disease struck 26-day-old...

Predominance of Acinetobacter pseudolwoffii among Acinetobacter species in domestic animals in the Czech Republic

V Sladecek, D Senk, P Stolar, J Bzdil, O Holy

Vet Med - Czech, 2023, 68(11):419-427 | DOI: 10.17221/65/2023-VETMED  

The aim of this study was to map the spectrum of microorganisms belonging to the genus Acinetobacter in domestic animals with a specific focus on the prevalence of Acinetobacter pseudolwoffii. Additionally, the susceptibility of isolates to antimicrobial agents was determined. In the period from January 1, 2014, to August 31, 2015, a total of 9 544 samples originating from gross lesions and pathological processes of animals exhibiting clinical symptoms of the disease were examined across 41 districts in the Czech Republic. The examinations were carried out using culture methods involving meat-peptone blood agar and Endo agar under aerobic conditions...